xNightR00T File Manager

Current Directory:

	Name	Size	Permission	Modified	Actions
Loading...

$ Waiting for command...

__ __ __ __ _____ _ _ _____ _ _ _ | \/ | \ \ / / | __ \ (_) | | / ____| | | | | | \ / |_ __\ V / | |__) | __ ___ ____ _| |_ ___ | (___ | |__ ___| | | | |\/| | '__|> < | ___/ '__| \ \ / / _` | __/ _ \ \___ \| '_ \ / _ \ | | | | | | |_ / . \ | | | | | |\ V / (_| | || __/ ____) | | | | __/ | | |_| |_|_(_)_/ \_\ |_| |_| |_| \_/ \__,_|\__\___| |_____/|_| |_|\___V 2.1 if you need WebShell for Seo everyday contact me on Telegram Telegram Address : @jackleet

%!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.2 %%CreationDate: Wed Apr 11 07:23:10 2018 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic %%+ font Times-Roman %%+ font Courier %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 2 %%Pages: 43 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%DocumentMedia: Default 595 842 0 () () %%Orientation: Portrait %%EndComments %%BeginDefaults %%PageMedia: Default %%EndDefaults %%BeginProlog %%BeginResource: procset grops 1.22 2 %!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-ProcSet /setpacking where{ pop currentpacking true setpacking }if /grops 120 dict dup begin /SC 32 def /A/show load def /B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def /C{0 exch ashow}bind def /D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def /E{0 rmoveto show}bind def /F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def /G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def /H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def /I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def /J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def /K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def /L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def /M{rmoveto show}bind def /N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def /O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def /P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def /Q{moveto show}bind def /R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def /S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def /T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def /SF{ findfont exch [exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont dup setfont [exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def }bind def /MF{ findfont [5 2 roll 0 3 1 roll neg 0 0]makefont dup setfont [exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def }bind def /level0 0 def /RES 0 def /PL 0 def /LS 0 def /MANUAL{ statusdict begin/manualfeed true store end }bind def /PLG{ gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore exch pop add exch pop }bind def /BP{ /level0 save def 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin DEFS/BPhook known{DEFS begin BPhook end}if 72 RES div dup scale LS{ 90 rotate }{ 0 PL translate }ifelse 1 -1 scale }bind def /EP{ level0 restore showpage }def /DA{ newpath arcn stroke }bind def /SN{ transform .25 sub exch .25 sub exch round .25 add exch round .25 add exch itransform }bind def /DL{ SN moveto SN lineto stroke }bind def /DC{ newpath 0 360 arc closepath }bind def /TM matrix def /DE{ TM currentmatrix pop translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath TM setmatrix }bind def /RC/rcurveto load def /RL/rlineto load def /ST/stroke load def /MT/moveto load def /CL/closepath load def /Fr{ setrgbcolor fill }bind def /setcmykcolor where{ pop /Fk{ setcmykcolor fill }bind def }if /Fg{ setgray fill }bind def /FL/fill load def /LW/setlinewidth load def /Cr/setrgbcolor load def /setcmykcolor where{ pop /Ck/setcmykcolor load def }if /Cg/setgray load def /RE{ findfont dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin { 1 index/FID ne 2 index/UniqueID ne and {def}{pop pop}ifelse }forall /Encoding exch def dup/FontName exch def currentdict end definefont pop }bind def /DEFS 0 def /EBEGIN{ moveto DEFS begin }bind def /EEND/end load def /CNT 0 def /level1 0 def /PBEGIN{ /level1 save def translate div 3 1 roll div exch scale neg exch neg exch translate 0 setgray 0 setlinecap 1 setlinewidth 0 setlinejoin 10 setmiterlimit []0 setdash /setstrokeadjust where{ pop false setstrokeadjust }if /setoverprint where{ pop false setoverprint }if newpath /CNT countdictstack def userdict begin /showpage{}def /setpagedevice{}def mark }bind def /PEND{ cleartomark countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat level1 restore }bind def end def /setpacking where{ pop setpacking }if %%EndResource %%EndProlog %%BeginSetup %%BeginFeature: *PageSize Default << /PageSize [ 595 842 ] /ImagingBBox null >> setpagedevice %%EndFeature %%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold %%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic %%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman %%IncludeResource: font Courier grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL 841.89 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron /Zcaron/scaron/zcaron/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/Euro/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent /ampersand/quoteright/parenleft/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen /period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon /semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O /P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash/bracketright/circumflex /underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y /z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase/guillemotleft /guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger/daggerdbl /endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut /dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash /quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen /brokenbar/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft /logicalnot/minus/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior /threesuperior/acute/mu/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior /ordmasculine/guilsinglright/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters /questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde/Adieresis/Aring/AE /Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex /Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis /multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn /germandbls/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla /egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis /eth/ntilde/ograve/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash /ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def /Courier@0 ENC0/Courier RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE /Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE %%EndSetup %%Page: 1 1 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 18/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(An Intr)164.4 308 R 3(oduction to the Z Shell) -.324 F/F1 14/Times-Italic@0 SF -1.12(Pa)252.137 344 S 1.166(ul F)1.12 F (alstad)-1.05 E(pf@softwar)238.951 360 Q -.21(e.)-.518 G(com).21 E 1.166 (Bas de Bakk)246.472 392 R(er)-.14 E(bas@phys.uva.nl)239.952 408 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 1 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup 0 Cg EP %%Page: 1 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 1(An Intr)226.1 123 R 1(oduction to the Z Shell) -.216 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.8(Pa)280.383 159 S .833(ul F).8 F (alstad)-.75 E(pf@softwar)270.965 171 Q -.15(e.)-.37 G(com).15 E .833 (Bas de Bakk)276.337 189 R(er)-.1 E(bas@phys.uva.nl)271.68 201 Q/F2 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(Intr)72 240.6 Q(oduction)-.18 E(zsh)72 256.2 Q/F3 10 /Times-Roman@0 SF 1.212(is a shell designed for interacti)3.712 F 1.512 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.212(se, although it is also a po).15 F 1.212 (werful scripting language.)-.25 F(Man)7.045 E 3.712(yo)-.15 G 3.712(ft) -3.712 G 1.211(he useful)-3.712 F 1.678 (features of bash, ksh, and tcsh were incorporated into)72 268.2 R F2 (zsh)4.179 E F3 4.179(;m)C(an)-4.179 E 4.179(yo)-.15 G 1.679 (riginal features were added.)-4.179 F 1.679(This document)7.512 F 1.373 (details some of the unique features of)72 280.2 R F2(zsh)3.873 E F3 7.206(.I)C 3.873(ta)-7.206 G 1.373(ssumes basic kno)-3.873 F 1.372 (wledge of the standard UNIX shells; the intent)-.25 F 2.01(is to sho)72 292.2 R 4.51(war)-.25 G 2.01(eader already f)-4.51 F 2.01 (amiliar with one of the other major shells what mak)-.1 F(es)-.1 E F2 (zsh)4.51 E F3 2.01(more useful or more)4.51 F(po)72 304.2 Q 4.435 (werful. This)-.25 F 1.102(document is not at all comprehensi)3.602 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.602(;r).15 G 1.102 (ead the manual entry for a description of the shell that is)-3.602 F .833(complete and concise, although some)72 316.2 R .833(what o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .833(rwhelming and de).15 F -.2(vo)-.25 G .833(id of e).2 F(xamples.)-.15 E 2.02(The te)72 331.8 R 2.021 (xt will frequently mention options that you can set to change the beha) -.15 F 2.021(viour of)-.2 F F2(zsh)4.521 E F3 7.854(.Y)C 2.021 (ou can set these)-8.954 F .833(options with the command)72 343.8 R/F4 9 /Courier@0 SF 5.4(%s)108 360.8 S(etopt)-5.4 E/F5 9/Times-Italic@0 SF (optionname)5.4 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(and unset them ag)72 377.8 Q (ain with)-.045 E F4 5.4(%u)108 394.8 S(nsetopt)-5.4 E F5(optionname)5.4 E F6(Case is ignored in option names, as are embedded underscores.)72 411.8 Q F2(Filename Generation)72 435.8 Q F3(Otherwise kno)72 451.4 Q (wn as)-.25 E F1(globbing)2.5 E F3 2.5<2c8c>C (lename generation is quite e)-2.5 E(xtensi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H (n).15 E F2(zsh)2.5 E F3 5(.O)C 2.5(fc)-5 G (ourse, it has all the basics:)-2.5 E F4 5.4(%l)108 468.4 S(s)-5.4 E 10.8(Makefile file.pro foo.o)108 479.4 R 21.6(main.o q.c)32.4 F 21.6 (run234 stuff)43.2 F 27(bar.o foo)108 490.4 R 32.4(link morestuff)43.2 F 21.6(run123 run240 sub)10.8 F 21.6(file.h foo.c)108 501.4 R 21.6 (main.h pipe)32.4 F 32.4(run2 run303)37.8 F 5.4(%l)108 512.4 S 5.4(s*) -5.4 G(.c)-5.4 E 5.4(foo.c q.c)108 523.4 R 5.4(%l)108 534.4 S 5.4(s*) -5.4 G(.[co])-5.4 E 10.8(bar.o foo.c foo.o main.o)108 545.4 R(q.c)10.8 E 5.4(%l)108 556.4 S 5.4(sf)-5.4 G(oo.?)-5.4 E 5.4(foo.c foo.o)108 567.4 R 5.4(%l)108 578.4 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(.[^c])-5.4 E 10.8(bar.o file.h)108 589.4 R 10.8(foo.o main.h)10.8 F(main.o)10.8 E 5.4(%l)108 600.4 S 5.4 (s*)-5.4 G(.[^oh])-5.4 E 5.4(foo.c q.c)108 611.4 R F6 .622(Also, if the) 72 628.4 R F5(EXTENDEDGLOB)2.872 E F6 .622(option is set, some ne)2.872 F 2.872(wf)-.225 G .622(eatures are acti)-2.872 F -.225(va)-.225 G 2.872 (ted. F).225 F .622(or e)-.135 F .622(xample, the)-.135 F F4(^)2.872 E F6 .622(character ne)2.872 F -.045(ga)-.135 G .622(tes the pattern).045 F(follo)72 639.4 Q(wing it:)-.225 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-2-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%s)108 83 S(etopt extendedglob)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 94 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d^)-5.4 G (*.c)-5.4 E 10.8(Makefile file.pro link)108 105 R 5.4(morestuff run2) 37.8 F(run303)37.8 E 27(bar.o foo)108 116 R 21.6(main.h pipe)43.2 F 21.6 (run234 stuff)37.8 F 21.6(file.h foo.o)108 127 R 21.6 (main.o run123 run240 sub)32.4 F 5.4(%l)108 138 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d^) -5.4 G(*.*)-5.4 E 10.8(Makefile link)108 149 R 32.4(pipe run2 run240) 37.8 F(stuff)27 E 37.8(foo morestuff)108 160 R 21.6 (run123 run234 run303 sub)10.8 F 5.4(%l)108 171 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d^) -5.4 G(Makefile)-5.4 E 27(bar.o foo)108 182 R 32.4(link morestuff)43.2 F 21.6(run123 run240 sub)10.8 F 21.6(file.h foo.c)108 193 R 21.6 (main.h pipe)32.4 F 32.4(run2 run303)37.8 F 10.8(file.pro foo.o)108 204 R 21.6(main.o q.c)32.4 F 21.6(run234 stuff)43.2 F 5.4(%l)108 215 S 5.4 (s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d*)-5.4 G(.^c)-5.4 E 10.8(.rhosts bar.o)108 226 R 16.2 (file.h file.pro)27 F 21.6(foo.o main.h)10.8 F(main.o)21.6 E/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(An e)72 243 Q(xpression of the form)-.135 E F1(<)2.25 E/F3 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F2<ad>A F3(y)A F1(>)A F2 (matches a range of inte)2.25 E(gers:)-.135 E F1 5.4(%l)108 260 S 5.4 (sr)-5.4 G(un<200-300>)-5.4 E 5.4(run234 run240)108 271 R 5.4(%l)108 282 S 5.4(sr)-5.4 G(un<300-400>)-5.4 E(run303)108 293 Q 5.4(%l)108 304 S 5.4 (sr)-5.4 G(un<-200>)-5.4 E 5.4(run123 run2)108 315 R 5.4(%l)108 326 S 5.4(sr)-5.4 G(un<300->)-5.4 E(run303)108 337 Q 5.4(%l)108 348 S 5.4(sr) -5.4 G(un<->)-5.4 E 5.4(run123 run2)108 359 R 5.4(run234 run240 run303) 21.6 F F2(The)72 376 Q F3(NUMERICGLOBSORT)2.415 E F2 .165 (option will sort \214les with numbers according to the number)2.415 F 4.665(.T)-.495 G .165(his will not w)-4.665 F .165(ork with)-.09 F F1 (ls)2.415 E F2 .166(as it resorts)2.416 F(its ar)72 387 Q(guments:)-.162 E F1 5.4(%s)108 404 S(etopt numericglobsort)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 415 S (cho run<->)-5.4 E(run2 run123 run234 run240 run303)108 426 Q F2 (Grouping is possible:)72 443 Q F1 5.4(%l)108 460 S 5.4(s$)-5.4 G (foo|bar$.*)-5.4 E 5.4(bar.o foo.c foo.o)108 471 R 5.4(%l)108 482 S 5.4 (s*)-5.4 G(.$c|o|pro$)-5.4 E 21.6(bar.o file.pro)108 493 R 21.6 (foo.c foo.o main.o)10.8 F(q.c)21.6 E F2(Also, the string)72 510 Q F1 (**/)2.25 E F2(forces a recursi)2.25 E .27 -.135(ve s)-.225 H (earch of subdirectories:).135 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-3-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l)108 83 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G(R)-5.4 E 10.8(Makefile file.pro foo.o)108 94 R 21.6 (main.o q.c)32.4 F 21.6(run234 stuff)43.2 F 27(bar.o foo)108 105 R 32.4 (link morestuff)43.2 F 21.6(run123 run240 sub)10.8 F 21.6(file.h foo.c) 108 116 R 21.6(main.h pipe)32.4 F 32.4(run2 run303)37.8 F(morestuff:)108 138 Q(stuff:)108 160 Q 5.4(file xxx)108 171 R(yyy)16.2 E(stuff/xxx:)108 193 Q(foobar)108 204 Q(stuff/yyy:)108 226 Q(frobar)108 237 Q 5.4(%l)108 248 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(*/*bar)-5.4 E 5.4(stuff/xxx/foobar stuff/yyy/frobar) 108 259 R 5.4(%l)108 270 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(*/f*)-5.4 E 59.4(file.h foo)108 281 R 64.8(foo.o stuff/xxx/foobar)81 F 48.6(file.pro foo.c)108 292 R 37.8(stuff/file stuff/yyy/frobar)70.2 F 5.4(%l)108 303 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G (bar*)-5.4 E(bar.o)108 314 Q 5.4(%l)108 325 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(*/*bar*)-5.4 E 64.8(bar.o stuff/xxx/foobar)108 336 R(stuff/yyy/frobar)10.8 E 5.4(%l) 108 347 S 5.4(ss)-5.4 G(tuff/**/*bar*)-5.4 E 5.4 (stuff/xxx/foobar stuff/yyy/frobar)108 358 R F0 .155 (It is possible to e)72 379.6 R .155 (xclude certain \214les from the patterns using the ~ character)-.15 F 5.155(.A)-.55 G .155(pattern of the form)-2.5 F/F2 10/Courier@0 SF (*.c~bar.c)2.655 E F0(lists)2.655 E(all \214les matching)72 391.6 Q F2 (*.c)2.5 E F0 2.5(,e)C(xcept for the \214le)-2.65 E F2(bar.c)2.5 E F0(.) A F1 5.4(%l)108 408.6 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(.c)-5.4 E 16.2(foo.c foob.c bar.c) 108 419.6 R 5.4(%l)108 430.6 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(.c~bar.c)-5.4 E 16.2 (foo.c foob.c)108 441.6 R 5.4(%l)108 452.6 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(.c~f*)-5.4 E (bar.c)108 463.6 Q F0 .795(One can add a number of)72 485.2 R/F3 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(quali\214er)3.295 E(s)-.1 E F0 .795(to the end of an) 3.295 F 3.295(yo)-.15 G 3.296(ft)-3.295 G .796 (hese patterns, to restrict matches to certain \214le types.)-3.296 F(A) 5.796 E(quali\214ed pattern is of the form)72 497.2 Q F3(pattern)108 515.2 Q F2($)A F0(...)A F2($)A F0 (with single-character quali\214ers inside the parentheses.)72 533.2 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-4-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%a)108 83 S(lias l='ls -dF')-5.4 E 5.4(%l*)108 94 S 16.2(Makefile foo*)108 105 R 27(main.h q.c)43.2 F(run240)48.6 E 32.4(bar.o foo.c main.o)108 116 R 27 (run123 run303)32.4 F 27(file.h foo.o)108 127 R 5.4(morestuff/ run2)37.8 F(stuff/)43.2 E 16.2(file.pro link@)108 138 R 37.8(pipe run234)37.8 F (sub)32.4 E 5.4(%l*)108 149 S($/$)-5.4 E 5.4(morestuff/ stuff/)108 160 R 5.4(%l*)108 171 S($@$)-5.4 E(link@)108 182 Q 5.4(%l*)108 193 S ($*$)-5.4 E 37.8(foo* link@)108 204 R 5.4(morestuff/ stuff/)37.8 F 5.4 (%l*)108 215 S($x$)-5.4 E 37.8(foo* link@)108 226 R 5.4 (morestuff/ stuff/)37.8 F 5.4(%l*)108 237 S($X$)-5.4 E 37.8 (foo* link@)108 248 R 5.4(morestuff/ stuff/)37.8 F 5.4(%l*)108 259 S ($R$)-5.4 E 32.4(bar.o foo*)108 270 R 32.4(link@ morestuff/)43.2 F 27 (run123 run240)10.8 F 27(file.h foo.c)108 281 R 27(main.h pipe)37.8 F 37.8(run2 run303)43.2 F 16.2(file.pro foo.o)108 292 R 27(main.o q.c)37.8 F 27(run234 stuff/)48.6 F/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.567(Note that)72 309 R F1(*$x$)3.817 E F2(and)3.817 E F1(*$*$)3.817 E F2 1.567 (both match e)3.817 F -.135(xe)-.135 G(cutables.).135 E F1(*$X$)6.067 E F2 1.566(matches \214les e)3.817 F -.135(xe)-.135 G 1.566 (cutable by others, as opposed to).135 F F1(*$x$)3.816 E F2 3.816(,w)C (hich)-3.816 E .416(matches \214les e)72 320 R -.135(xe)-.135 G .417 (cutable by the o).135 F(wner)-.225 E(.)-.495 E F1(*$R$)4.917 E F2 (and)2.667 E F1(*$r$)2.667 E F2 .417(match readable \214les;)2.667 F F1(*$W$)2.667 E F2(and)2.667 E F1(*$w$)2.667 E F2 2.667(,w)C .417 (hich checks for writable \214les.)-2.667 F F1(*$W$)72 331 Q F2 (is especially important, since it checks for w)2.25 E (orld-writable \214les:)-.09 E F1 5.4(%l*)108 348 S($w$)-5.4 E 32.4 (bar.o foo*)108 359 R 32.4(link@ morestuff/)43.2 F 27(run123 run240)10.8 F 27(file.h foo.c)108 370 R 27(main.h pipe)37.8 F 37.8(run2 run303)43.2 F 16.2(file.pro foo.o)108 381 R 27(main.o q.c)37.8 F 27(run234 stuff/) 48.6 F 5.4(%l*)108 392 S($W$)-5.4 E 10.8(link@ run240)108 403 R 5.4 (%l-)108 414 S 5.4(ll)-5.4 G(ink run240)-5.4 E 5.4(lrwxrwxrwx 1)108 425 R 32.4(pfalstad 10)5.4 F(May 23 18:12 link -> /usr/bin/)5.4 E 5.4 (-rw-rw-rw- 1)108 436 R 37.8(pfalstad 0)5.4 F(May 23 18:12 run240)5.4 E F2 .054(If you w)72 453 R .054(ant to ha)-.09 F .324 -.135(ve a)-.18 H .053(ll the \214les of a certain type as well as all symbolic links poi\ nting to \214les of that type, pre\214x the quali\214er with).135 F(a)72 464 Q F1(-)2.25 E F2(:)A F1 5.4(%l*)108 481 S($-/$)-5.4 E 32.4 (link@ morestuff/)108 492 R(stuff/)10.8 E F2 -.99(Yo)72 509 S 2.25(uc) .99 G(an \214lter out the symbolic links with the)-2.25 E F1(^)2.25 E F2 (character:)2.25 E F1 5.4(%l*)108 526 S($W^@$)-5.4 E(run240)108 537 Q 5.4(%l*)108 548 S($x$)-5.4 E 37.8(foo* link@)108 559 R 5.4 (morestuff/ stuff/)37.8 F 5.4(%l*)108 570 S($x^@/$)-5.4 E(foo*)108 581 Q F2 1.44 -.72(To \214)72 598 T(nd all plain \214les, you can use).72 E F1(.)2.25 E F2(:)A 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-5-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l*)108 83 S($.$)-5.4 E 5.4(Makefile file.h)108 94 R 27(foo* foo.o)21.6 F 16.2 (main.o run123 run234 run303)27 F 21.6(bar.o file.pro)108 105 R 21.6 (foo.c main.h)10.8 F 32.4(q.c run2)21.6 F 16.2(run240 sub)32.4 F 5.4 (%l*)108 116 S($^.$)-5.4 E 32.4(link@ morestuff/)108 127 R 37.8 (pipe stuff/)10.8 F 5.4(%ls)108 138 S(*$.$)-5.4 E 10.8(stuff/ sub)108 149 R 5.4(%l*)108 160 S($p$)-5.4 E(pipe)108 171 Q 5.4(%l-)108 182 S 5.4(l*)-5.4 G($p$)-5.4 E 5.4(prw-r--r-- 1)108 193 R 37.8(pfalstad 0) 5.4 F(May 23 18:12 pipe)5.4 E(*$U$)72 210 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (matches all \214les o)2.25 E(wned by you.)-.225 E 1.44 -.72(To s)4.5 H (earch for all \214les not o).72 E(wned by you, use)-.225 E F1(*$^U$) 2.25 E F2(:)A F1 5.4(%l-)108 227 S 5.4(l*)-5.4 G($^U$)-5.4 E 5.4 (-rw------- 1)108 238 R 32.4(subbarao 29)5.4 F(May 23 18:13 sub)5.4 E F2 (This searches for setuid \214les:)72 255 Q F1 5.4(%l-)108 272 S 5.4(l*) -5.4 G($s$)-5.4 E 5.4(-rwsr-xr-x 1)108 283 R 32.4(pfalstad 16)5.4 F (May 23 18:12 foo*)5.4 E F2(This checks for a certain user')72 300 Q 2.25<738c>-.495 G(les:)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%l-)108 317 S 5.4(l*)-5.4 G ($u[subbarao]$)-5.4 E 5.4(-rw------- 1)108 328 R 32.4(subbarao 29)5.4 F(May 23 18:13 sub)5.4 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Startup Files)72 358 Q F0 (There are \214v)72 373.6 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G(tartup \214les that)-2.5 E F3 (zsh)2.5 E F0(will read commands from:)2.5 E F1($ZDOTDIR/.zshenv)108 390.6 Q($ZDOTDIR/.zprofile)108 401.6 Q($ZDOTDIR/.zshrc)108 412.6 Q ($ZDOTDIR/.zlogin)108 423.6 Q($ZDOTDIR/.zlogout)108 434.6 Q F2(If)72 451.6 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ZDO)2.25 E(TDIR)-.36 E F2 (is not set, then the v)2.25 E(alue of)-.225 E F4(HOME)2.25 E F2 (is used; this is the usual case.)2.25 E/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(.zshenv)72 467.2 Q F0 .439(is sourced on all in)2.939 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .439 (cations of the shell, unless the).2 F F5(-f)2.939 E F0 .439 (option is set.)2.939 F .439(It should contain commands to set)5.439 F 1.327(the command search path, plus other important en)72 479.2 R 1.327 (vironment v)-.4 F(ariables.)-.25 E F5(.zshenv)6.327 E F0 1.327 (should not contain commands)3.827 F (that produce output or assume the shell is attached to a tty)72 491.2 Q (.)-.65 E F5(.zshrc)72 506.8 Q F0 .223(is sourced in interacti)2.722 F .523 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.723(hells. It).15 F .223 (should contain commands to set up aliases, functions, options, k)2.723 F .523 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(ind-).15 E(ings, etc.)72 518.8 Q F5(.zlogin)72 534.4 Q F0 1.548(is sourced in login shells.)4.048 F 1.548 (It should contain commands that should be e)6.548 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.547(cuted only in login shells.).15 F F5(.zlogout)72 546.4 Q F0 .254 (is sourced when login shells e)2.754 F(xit.)-.15 E F5(.zprofile)5.255 E F0 .255(is similar to)2.755 F F5(.zlogin)2.755 E F0 2.755(,e)C .255 (xcept that it is sourced before)-2.905 F F5(.zshrc)72 558.4 Q F0(.)A F5 (.zprofile)5.95 E F0 .95(is meant as an alternati)3.45 F 1.25 -.15(ve t) -.25 H(o).15 E F5(.zlogin)3.45 E F0 .949(for ksh f)3.45 F .949 (ans; the tw)-.1 F 3.449(oa)-.1 G .949(re not intended to be used)-3.449 F(together)72 570.4 Q 3.303(,a)-.4 G .803 (lthough this could certainly be done if desired.)-3.303 F F5(.zlogin) 5.804 E F0 .804(is not the place for alias de\214nitions, options,)3.304 F(en)72 582.4 Q 1.084(vironment v)-.4 F 1.084(ariable settings, etc.; a\ s a general rule, it should not change the shell en)-.25 F 1.084 (vironment at all.)-.4 F(Rather)6.083 E 3.583(,i)-.4 G(t)-3.583 E (should be used to set the terminal type and run a series of e)72 594.4 Q(xternal commands $)-.15 E F5(fortune)A F0(,)A F5(msgs)2.5 E F0 2.5 (,e)C(tc$.)-2.5 E F3(Shell Functions)72 618.4 Q(zsh)72 634 Q F0 (also allo)2.5 E(ws you to create your o)-.25 E (wn commands by de\214ning shell functions.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re) .15 G(xample:)-2.65 E F1 5.4(%y)108 651 S 5.4(p$)-5.4 G 5.4(${)-5.4 G 37.8(>y)108 662 S(pmatch $1 passwd.byname)-37.8 E 5.4(>})108 673 S 5.4 (%y)108 684 S 5.4(pp)-5.4 G(falstad)-5.4 E(pfalstad:*:3564:35:Paul John\ Falstad:/u/pfalstad:/usr/princeton/bin/zsh)108 695 Q F2 .582 (This function looks up a user in the NIS passw)72 712 R .583(ord map.) -.09 F(The)5.083 E F1($1)2.833 E F2 -.135(ex)2.833 G .583 (pands to the \214rst ar).135 F .583(gument to)-.162 F F1(yp)2.833 E F2 5.083(.T)C .583(he function could ha)-5.083 F -.135(ve)-.18 G(been equi) 72 723 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(lently de\214ned in one of the follo).225 E (wing w)-.225 E(ays:)-.09 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 8 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-6-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%f)108 83 S(unction yp {)-5.4 E 37.8(>y)108 94 S(pmatch $1 passwd.byname)-37.8 E 5.4(>})108 105 S 5.4(%f)108 116 S(unction yp  {)-5.4 E 37.8(>y)108 127 S(pmatch $1 passwd.byname)-37.8 E 5.4(>})108 138 S 5.4(%f)108 149 S (unction yp  ypmatch $1 passwd.byname)-5.4 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (Note that aliases are e)72 166 Q(xpanded when the function de\214nitio\ n is parsed, not when the function is e)-.135 E -.135(xe)-.135 G 2.25 (cuted. F).135 F(or e)-.135 E(xample:)-.135 E F1 5.4(%a)108 183 S (lias ypmatch=echo)-5.4 E 5.4(%y)108 194 S 5.4(pp)-5.4 G(falstad)-5.4 E (pfalstad:*:3564:35:Paul John Falstad:/u/pfalstad:/usr/princeton/bin/zs\ h)108 205 Q F2 .397(Since the alias w)72 222 R .397 (as de\214ned after the function w)-.09 F .396(as parsed, it has no ef) -.09 F .396(fect on the function')-.225 F 2.646(se)-.495 G -.135(xe) -2.781 G 2.646(cution. Ho).135 F(we)-.225 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 1.116 -.36 (r, i).135 H 2.646(fw).36 G 2.646(ed)-2.646 G .396(e\214ne the)-2.646 F (function ag)72 233 Q(ain with the alias in place:)-.045 E F1 5.4(%f)108 250 S(unction yp  { ypmatch $1 passwd.byname })-5.4 E 5.4(%y)108 261 S 5.4(pp)-5.4 G(falstad)-5.4 E(pfalstad passwd.byname)108 272 Q F2 (it is parsed with the ne)72 289 Q 2.25(wa)-.225 G (lias de\214nition in place.)-2.25 E (Therefore, in general you must de\214ne aliases before functions.)4.5 E F0 1.6 -.8(We c)72 304.6 T(an mak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he function tak)-2.5 E 2.5(em)-.1 G(ultiple ar)-2.5 E(guments:)-.18 E F1 5.4(%u)108 321.6 S (nalias ypmatch)-5.4 E 5.4(%y)108 332.6 S 5.4(p$)-5.4 G 5.4(${)-5.4 G 37.8(>f)108 343.6 S(or i)-37.8 E 37.8(>d)108 354.6 S 5.4(oy)-37.8 G (pmatch $i passwd.byname)-5.4 E 37.8(>d)108 365.6 S(one)-37.8 E 5.4(>}) 108 376.6 S 5.4(%y)108 387.6 S 5.4(pp)-5.4 G(falstad subbarao sukthnkr) -5.4 E(pfalstad:*:3564:35:Paul John Falstad:/u/pfalstad:/usr/princeton/\ bin/zsh)108 398.6 Q (subbarao:*:3338:35:Kartik Subbarao:/u/subbarao:/usr/princeton/bin/zsh) 108 409.6 Q(sukthnkr:*:1267:35:Rahul Sukthankar:/u/sukthnkr:/usr/prince\ ton/bin/tcsh)108 420.6 Q F2(The)72 437.6 Q F1 .214(for i)2.464 F F2 .214 (loops through each of the function')2.464 F 2.464(sa)-.495 G -.162(rg) -2.464 G .214(uments, setting).162 F F1(i)2.464 E F2 .215 (equal to each of them in turn.)2.464 F 1.655 -.72(We c)4.715 H .215 (an also mak).72 F 2.465(et)-.09 G .215(he func-)-2.465 F (tion do something sensible if no ar)72 448.6 Q(guments are gi)-.162 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(n:).135 E F1 5.4(%y)108 465.6 S 5.4(p$)-5.4 G 5.4(${) -5.4 G 37.8(>i)108 476.6 S 5.4(f$)-37.8 G 5.4(\($)-5.4 G 5.4(#=)-5.4 G 5.4(=0$)-5.4 G(\))-5.4 E 37.8(>t)108 487.6 S (hen echo usage: yp name ...; fi)-37.8 E 37.8(>f)108 498.6 S (or i; do ypmatch $i passwd.byname; done)-37.8 E 5.4(>})108 509.6 S 5.4 (%y)108 520.6 S(p)-5.4 E(usage: yp name ...)108 531.6 Q 5.4(%y)108 542.6 S 5.4(pp)-5.4 G(falstad sukthnkr)-5.4 E(pfalstad:*:3564:35:Paul John Fa\ lstad:/u/pfalstad:/usr/princeton/bin/zsh)108 553.6 Q(sukthnkr:*:1267:35\ :Rahul Sukthankar:/u/sukthnkr:/usr/princeton/bin/tcsh)108 564.6 Q($#)72 581.6 Q F2 1.008(is the number of ar)3.258 F 1.008 (guments supplied to the function.)-.162 F 1.007 (If it is equal to zero, we print a usage message; otherwise, we loop) 5.508 F(through the ar)72 592.6 Q(guments, and)-.162 E F1(ypmatch)2.25 E F2(all of them.)2.25 E F0(Here')72 608.2 Q 2.5(saf)-.55 G (unction that selects a random line from a \214le:)-2.5 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 9 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-7-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%r)108 83 S(andline  {)-5.4 E 37.8(>i)108 94 S(nteger z=$$wc -l <$1$)-37.8 E 37.8(>s)108 105 S(ed -n $[RANDOM % z + 1]p $1)-37.8 E 5.4(>})108 116 S 5.4(%r)108 127 S(andline /etc/motd)-5.4 E (PHOENIX WILL BE DOWN briefly Friday morning, 5/24/91 from 8 AM to)108 138 Q 5.4(%r)108 149 S(andline /etc/motd)-5.4 E (SunOS Release 4.1.1 $PHOENIX$ #19: Tue May 14 19:03:15 EDT 1991)108 160 Q 5.4(%r)108 171 S(andline /etc/motd)-5.4 E 5.4(|P)108 182 S (lease use the "msgs" command to read announcements.)-5.4 E (Refer to the)10.8 E(|)16.2 E 5.4(%e)108 193 S(cho $z)-5.4 E(%)108 215 Q (randline)72 232 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .88(has a local v)3.13 F (ariable,)-.225 E F1(z)3.13 E F2 3.13(,t)C .88 (hat holds the number of lines in the \214le.)-3.13 F F1 .881 ($[RANDOM % z + 1])5.381 F F2 -.135(ex)3.131 G .881(pands to a random) .135 F .399(number between 1 and)72 243 R F1(z)2.648 E F2 4.898(.A)C 2.648(ne)-4.898 G .398(xpression of the form)-2.783 F F1($[)2.648 E F2 (...)A F1(])A F2 -.135(ex)4.898 G .398(pands to the v).135 F .398 (alue of the arithmetic e)-.225 F .398(xpression within the brack-)-.135 F .353(ets, and the)72 254 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(RANDOM)2.603 E F2 -.225(va)2.604 G .354 (riable returns a random number each time it is referenced.).225 F F1(%) 4.854 E F2 .354(is the modulus operator)2.604 F 2.604(,a)-.36 G 2.604 (si)-2.604 G 2.604(nC)-2.604 G 4.854(.T)-2.604 G(here-)-4.854 E(fore,)72 265 Q F1(sed -n $[RANDOM%z+1]p)2.25 E F2 (picks a random line from its input, from 1 to)2.25 E F1(z)2.25 E F2(.)A F0(Function de\214nitions can be vie)72 280.6 Q(wed with the)-.25 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(functions)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin:).2 E F1 5.4(%f) 108 297.6 S(unctions randline)-5.4 E(randline  {)108 308.6 Q (integer z=$$wc -l <$1$)151.2 319.6 Q(sed -n $[RANDOM % z + 1]p $1) 151.2 330.6 Q(})108 352.6 Q 5.4(%f)108 363.6 S(unctions)-5.4 E (yp  {)108 374.6 Q(if let $# == 0)151.2 385.6 Q(then)151.2 407.6 Q (echo usage: yp name ...)194.4 418.6 Q(fi)151.2 440.6 Q(for i)151.2 451.6 Q(do)151.2 462.6 Q(ypmatch $i passwd.byname)194.4 473.6 Q(done) 194.4 495.6 Q(})108 517.6 Q(randline  {)108 528.6 Q (integer z=$$wc -l <$1$)151.2 539.6 Q(sed -n $[RANDOM % z + 1]p $1) 151.2 550.6 Q(})108 572.6 Q F2(Here')72 589.6 Q 2.25(sa)-.495 G (nother one:)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%c)108 606.6 S 5.4(x$)-5.4 G 5.4(${c)-5.4 G(hmod +x $* })-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 617.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(lf)-5.4 G (oo bar)-5.4 E 5.4(-rw-r--r-- 1)108 628.6 R 32.4(pfalstad 29)5.4 F (May 24 04:38 bar)5.4 E 5.4(-rw-r--r-- 1)108 639.6 R 32.4(pfalstad 29) 5.4 F(May 24 04:38 foo)5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 650.6 S 5.4(xf)-5.4 G(oo bar) -5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 661.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(lf)-5.4 G(oo bar)-5.4 E 5.4 (-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 672.6 R 32.4(pfalstad 29)5.4 F(May 24 04:38 bar)5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 683.6 R 32.4(pfalstad 29)5.4 F(May 24 04:38 foo)5.4 E F2(Note that this could also ha)72 700.6 Q .27 -.135(ve b)-.18 H (een implemented as an alias:).135 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 10 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-8-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%c)108 83 S(hmod 644 foo bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%a)108 94 S(lias cx='chmod +x')-5.4 E 5.4 (%c)108 105 S 5.4(xf)-5.4 G(oo bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 116 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(lf)-5.4 G(oo bar)-5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 127 R 32.4(pfalstad 29) 5.4 F(May 24 04:38 bar)5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 138 R 32.4 (pfalstad 29)5.4 F(May 24 04:38 foo)5.4 E F0 .995 (Instead of de\214ning a lot of functions in your)72 159.6 R/F2 10 /Courier@0 SF(.zshrc)3.494 E F0 3.494(,a)C .994 (ll of which you may not use, it is often better to use the)-3.494 F F2 (autoload)72 171.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)3.219 G 3.219(iltin. The).2 F .719(idea \ is, you create a directory where function de\214nitions are stored, dec\ lare the names in)3.219 F(your)72 183.6 Q F2(.zshrc)2.529 E F0 2.529(,a) C .029(nd tell the shell where to look for them.)-2.529 F(Whene)5.028 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.528(ry).15 G .028 (ou reference a function, the shell will automati-)-2.528 F (cally load it into memory)72 195.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1 5.4(%m)108 212.6 S (kdir /tmp/funs)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 223.6 S(at >/tmp/funs/yp)-5.4 E (ypmatch $1 passwd.byname)108 234.6 Q(^D)108 245.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 256.6 S (at >/tmp/funs/cx)-5.4 E(chmod +x $*)108 267.6 Q(^D)108 278.6 Q 5.4(%F) 108 289.6 S(PATH=/tmp/funs)-5.4 E 5.4(%a)108 300.6 S(utoload cx yp)-5.4 E 5.4(%f)108 311.6 S(unctions cx yp)-5.4 E(undefined cx )108 322.6 Q (undefined yp )108 333.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 344.6 S (hmod 755 /tmp/funs/{cx,yp})-5.4 E 5.4(%y)108 355.6 S 5.4(pe)-5.4 G (gsirer)-5.4 E(egsirer:*:3214:35:Emin Gun Sirer:/u/egsirer:/bin/sh)108 366.6 Q 5.4(%f)108 377.6 S(unctions yp)-5.4 E(yp  {)108 388.6 Q (ypmatch $1 passwd.byname)151.2 399.6 Q(})108 410.6 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .111(This idea has other bene\214ts.)72 427.6 R .111(By adding a) 4.611 F F1(#!)2.362 E F3 .112(header to the \214les, you can mak)2.362 F 2.362(et)-.09 G .112(hem double as shell scripts.)-2.362 F .112 ($Although it is f)4.612 F(aster)-.09 E (to use them as functions, since a separate process is not created.$)72 438.6 Q F1 5.4(%e)108 455.6 S 5.4(d/)-5.4 G(tmp/funs/yp)-5.4 E(25)108 466.6 Q(i)108 477.6 Q(#! /usr/bin/zsh)108 488.6 Q(w)108 499.6 Q(42)108 510.6 Q(q)108 521.6 Q 5.4(%<)108 532.6 S(/tmp/funs/yp)-5.4 E (#! /usr/bin/zsh)108 543.6 Q(ypmatch $1 passwd.byname)108 554.6 Q 5.4 (%/)108 565.6 S(tmp/funs/yp sukthnkr)-5.4 E(sukthnkr:*:1267:35:Rahul Su\ kthankar:/u/sukthnkr:/usr/princeton/bin/tcsh)108 576.6 Q F3(No)72 593.6 Q 2.25(wo)-.225 G(ther people, who may not use)-2.25 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.25 E F3 2.25(,o)C 2.25(rw)-2.25 G(ho don')-2.25 E 2.25(tw)-.162 G(ant to cop)-2.34 E 2.25(ya)-.09 G(ll of your)-2.25 E F1(.zshrc)2.25 E F3 2.25(,m)C(ay use these functions as shell scripts.)-2.25 E/F5 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(Dir)72 617.6 Q(ectories)-.18 E F0(One nice feature of) 72 633.2 Q F5(zsh)2.5 E F0(is the w)2.5 E(ay it prints directories.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if we set the prompt lik)-2.65 E 2.5 (et)-.1 G(his:)-2.5 E F1(phoenix% PROMPT='%~> ')108 650.2 Q(~> cd src) 108 661.2 Q(~/src>)108 672.2 Q F3 .573 (the shell will print the current directory in the prompt, using the)72 689.2 R F1(~)2.823 E F3(character)2.823 E 5.073(.H)-.495 G -.225(ow) -5.073 G -1.935 -.225(ev e).225 H -.36(r,).225 G F4(zsh)3.183 E F3 .572 (is smarter than most other shells in)2.823 F(this respect:)72 700.2 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 9 11 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-9-)300.17 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF (~/src> cd ~subbarao)108 83 Q(~subbarao> cd ~maruchck)108 94 Q (~maruchck> cd lib)108 105 Q(~maruchck/lib> cd fun)108 116 Q (~maruchck/lib/fun> foo=/usr/princeton/common/src)108 127 Q (~maruchck/lib/fun> cd ~foo)108 138 Q(~foo> cd ..)108 149 Q (/usr/princeton/common> cd src)108 160 Q(~foo> cd news/nntp)108 171 Q (~foo/news/nntp> cd inews)108 182 Q(~foo/news/nntp/inews>)108 193 Q/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF .357(Note that)72 210 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.607 E F2(prints)2.607 E/F4 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(other)2.607 E F2 .357 (users' directories in the form)2.607 F F1(~user)2.607 E F2 4.857(.A)C .358(lso note that you can set a parameter and use it as a directory) -4.857 F(name;)72 221 Q F3(zsh)3.06 E F2 .81(will act as if)3.06 F F1 (foo)3.06 E F2 .81(is a user with the login directory)3.06 F F1 (/usr/princeton/common/src)3.06 E F2 5.31(.T)C .81(his is con)-5.31 F -.135(ve)-.36 G .81(nient, espe-).135 F(cially if you')72 232 Q (re sick of seeing prompts lik)-.45 E 2.25(et)-.09 G(his:)-2.25 E F1 (phoenix:/usr/princeton/common/src/X.V11R4/contrib/clients/xv/docs>)108 249 Q F2(If you get stuck in this position, you can gi)72 266 Q .27 -.135(ve t)-.225 H(he current directory a short name, lik).135 E 2.25 (et)-.09 G(his:)-2.25 E F1 (/usr/princeton/common/src/news/nntp/inews> inews=$PWD)108 283 Q (/usr/princeton/common/src/news/nntp/inews> echo ~inews)108 294 Q (/usr/princeton/common/src/news/nntp/inews)108 305 Q(~inews>)108 316 Q F2 .488(When you reference a directory in the form)72 333 R F1(~inews) 2.738 E F2 2.738(,t)C .489(he shell assumes that you w)-2.738 F .489 (ant the directory displayed in this form; thus)-.09 F .403 (simply typing)72 344 R F1 .403(echo ~inews)2.653 F F2(or)2.653 E F1 .403(cd ~inews)2.653 F F2 .403(causes the prompt to be shortened.)2.653 F -.99(Yo)4.903 G 2.653(uc).99 G .403 (an de\214ne a shell function for this pur)-2.653 F(-)-.18 E(pose:)72 355 Q F1(~inews> namedir  { $1=$PWD ;)108 372 Q 5.4(:~)10.8 G($1 }) -5.4 E(~inews> cd /usr/princeton/bin)108 383 Q (/usr/princeton/bin> namedir pbin)108 394 Q(~pbin> cd /var/spool/mail) 108 405 Q(/var/spool/mail> namedir spool)108 416 Q(~spool> cd .msgs)108 427 Q(~spool/.msgs>)108 438 Q F2 -.99(Yo)72 455 S 2.25(um).99 G(ay w) -2.25 E(ant to add this one-line function to your)-.09 E F1(.zshrc)2.25 E F2(.)A F3(zsh)72 477 Q F2 1.029 (can also put the current directory in your title bar)3.278 F 3.279(,i) -.36 G 3.279(fy)-3.279 G 1.029(ou are using a windo)-3.279 F 1.029 (wing system.)-.225 F 1.029(One w)5.529 F 1.029 (ay to do this is with the)-.09 F F1(chpwd)72 488 Q F2 .529 (function, which is automatically e)2.779 F -.135(xe)-.135 G .528 (cuted by the shell whene).135 F -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.778(ry).135 G .528 (ou change directory)-2.778 F 5.028(.I)-.585 G 2.778(fy)-5.028 G .528 (ou are using xterm, this will)-2.778 F -.09(wo)72 499 S(rk:).09 E F1 (chpwd  { print -Pn '^[]2;%~^G' })108 516 Q F2(The)72 533 Q F1(-P) 2.595 E F2 .345(option tells)2.595 F F1(print)2.595 E F2 .345 (to treat its ar)2.595 F .346(guments lik)-.162 F 2.596(eap)-.09 G .346 (rompt string; otherwise the)-2.596 F F1(%~)2.596 E F2 -.09(wo)2.596 G .346(uld not be e).09 F 2.596(xpanded. The)-.135 F F1(-n)2.596 E F2 (option)2.596 E(suppresses the terminating ne)72 544 Q(wline, as with) -.225 E F1(echo)2.25 E F2(.)A F0(If you are using an IRIS)72 559.6 Q/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(wsh)2.5 E F0 2.5(,d)C 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(his:)-2.5 E F1 (chpwd  { print -Pn '\\2201.y%~\\234' })108 576.6 Q F2(The)72 593.6 Q F1 .507(print -D)2.757 F F2 .506(command has other uses.)2.757 F -.135 (Fo)5.006 G 2.756(re).135 G .506(xample, to print the current directory\ to standard output in short form, you can)-2.891 F(do this:)72 604.6 Q F1 5.4(%p)108 621.6 S(rint -D $PWD)-5.4 E(~subbarao/src)108 632.6 Q F2 (and to print each component of the path in short form:)72 649.6 Q F1 5.4(%p)108 666.6 S(rint -D $path)-5.4 E (/bin /usr/bin ~locbin ~locbin/X11 ~/bin)108 677.6 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 10 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-10-)297.67 48 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Dir)72 84 Q(ectory Stacks)-.18 E F0 .219(If you use csh, you may kno)72 99.6 R 2.719(wa)-.25 G .219(bout directory stacks.)-2.719 F(The)5.219 E/F2 10 /Courier@0 SF(pushd)2.719 E F0 .219 (command puts the current directory on the stack,)2.719 F (and changes to a ne)72 111.6 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(irectory; the)-2.5 E F2 (popd)2.5 E F0(command pops a directory of)2.5 E 2.5(ft)-.25 G (he stack and changes to it.)-2.5 E/F3 9/Courier@0 SF(phoenix% cd)108 128.6 Q(phoenix% PROMPT='Z %~> ')108 139.6 Q 5.4(Z~)108 150.6 S 5.4(>p) -5.4 G(ushd /tmp)-5.4 E(/tmp ~)108 161.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 172.6 S (tmp> pushd /usr/etc)-5.4 E(/usr/etc /tmp ~)108 183.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 194.6 S(usr/etc> pushd /usr/bin)-5.4 E(/usr/bin /usr/etc /tmp ~)108 205.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 216.6 S(usr/bin> popd)-5.4 E(/usr/etc /tmp ~)108 227.6 Q 5.4 (Z/)108 238.6 S(usr/etc> popd)-5.4 E(/tmp ~)108 249.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 260.6 S(tmp> pushd /etc)-5.4 E(/etc /tmp ~)108 271.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 282.6 S (etc> popd)-5.4 E(/tmp ~)108 293.6 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)72 310.6 Q /F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.57 -.495('s d)D .58(irectory stack commands w) .495 F .579(ork similarly)-.09 F 5.079(.O)-.585 G .579(ne dif)-5.079 F .579(ference is the w)-.225 F(ay)-.09 E F3(pushd)2.829 E F5 .579 (is handled if no ar)2.829 F .579(guments are gi)-.162 F -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.829(n. As).135 F(in)2.829 E(csh, this e)72 321.6 Q (xchanges the top tw)-.135 E 2.25(oe)-.09 G (lements of the directory stack:)-2.25 E F3 5.4(Z/)108 338.6 S (tmp> dirs)-5.4 E(/tmp ~)108 349.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 360.6 S(tmp> pushd)-5.4 E 5.4(~/)108 371.6 S(tmp)-5.4 E F5(unless the stack only has one entry:) 72 388.6 Q F3 5.4(Z~)108 405.6 S 5.4(>p)-5.4 G(opd)-5.4 E(/tmp)108 416.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 427.6 S(tmp> dirs)-5.4 E(/tmp)108 438.6 Q 5.4(Z/)108 449.6 S(tmp> pushd)-5.4 E 5.4(~/)108 460.6 S(tmp)-5.4 E 5.4(Z~)108 471.6 S(>) -5.4 E F5(or unless the)72 488.6 Q/F6 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(PUSHDT)2.25 E (OHOME)-.162 E F5(option is set:)2.25 E F3 5.4(Z~)108 505.6 S 5.4(>s) -5.4 G(etopt pushdtohome)-5.4 E 5.4(Z~)108 516.6 S 5.4(>p)-5.4 G(ushd) -5.4 E 5.4(~~/)108 527.6 S(tmp)-5.4 E F0 .369(As an alternati)72 549.2 R .669 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.869(ou).15 G .369 (sing directory stacks in this manner)-2.869 F 2.869(,w)-.4 G 2.869(ec) -2.869 G .369(an get something lik)-2.869 F 2.869(ea)-.1 G/F7 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)A .369(ectory history)-.37 F F0 .369 (by setting a)2.869 F(fe)72 561.2 Q 2.5(wm)-.25 G (ore options and parameters:)-2.5 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 11 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-11-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF (~> DIRSTACKSIZE=8)108 83 Q (~> setopt autopushd pushdminus pushdsilent pushdtohome)108 94 Q (~> alias dh='dirs -v')108 105 Q(~> cd /tmp)108 116 Q(/tmp> cd /usr)108 127 Q(/usr> cd bin)108 138 Q(/usr/bin> cd ../pub)108 149 Q(/usr/pub> dh) 108 160 Q 37.8(0/)108 171 S(usr/pub)-37.8 E 37.8(1/)108 182 S(usr/bin) -37.8 E 37.8(2/)108 193 S(usr)-37.8 E 37.8(3/)108 204 S(tmp)-37.8 E 37.8 (4~)108 215 S(/usr/pub> cd -3)108 226 Q(/tmp> dh)108 237 Q 37.8(0/)108 248 S(tmp)-37.8 E 37.8(1/)108 259 S(usr/pub)-37.8 E 37.8(2/)108 270 S (usr/bin)-37.8 E 37.8(3/)108 281 S(usr)-37.8 E 37.8(4~)108 292 S (/tmp> ls ~2/df)108 303 Q(/usr/bin/df)108 314 Q(/tmp> cd -4)108 325 Q (~>)108 336 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(Note that)72 353 Q F1(~2)2.25 E F2 -.135(ex)2.25 G (panded to the second directory in the history list, and that).135 E F1 (cd -3)2.25 E F2(recalled the third directory in the list.)2.25 E F0 -1.1(Yo)72 368.6 S 2.508(um)1.1 G .008(ay be w)-2.508 F .008 (ondering what all those options do.)-.1 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5 (AU)5.008 G -.18(TO).5 G(PUSHD).18 E F0(made)2.508 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF (cd)2.508 E F0 .007(act lik)2.507 F(e)-.1 E F4(pushd)2.507 E F0 5.007 (.$)C F4 .007(alias cd=pushd)-5.007 F F0(is)2.507 E .41(not suf)72 380.6 R .41(\214cient, for v)-.25 F .41(arious reasons.$)-.25 F F3 (PUSHDMINUS)5.41 E F0(sw)2.91 E .41(apped the meaning of)-.1 F F4 .41 (cd +1)2.91 F F0(and)2.91 E F4 .41(cd -1)2.91 F F0 2.91(;w)C 2.91(ew) -2.91 G .41(ant them to)-3.01 F(mean the opposite of what the)72 392.6 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ean in csh, because it mak)-2.5 E (es more sense in this scheme, and it')-.1 E 2.5(se)-.55 G (asier to type:)-2.5 E F1(~> dh)108 409.6 Q 37.8(0~)108 420.6 S 37.8(1/) 108 431.6 S(tmp)-37.8 E 37.8(2/)108 442.6 S(usr/pub)-37.8 E 37.8(3/)108 453.6 S(usr/bin)-37.8 E 37.8(4/)108 464.6 S(usr)-37.8 E (~> unsetopt pushdminus)108 475.6 Q(~> cd +1)108 486.6 Q(/tmp> dh)108 497.6 Q 37.8(0/)108 508.6 S(tmp)-37.8 E 37.8(1~)108 519.6 S 37.8(2/)108 530.6 S(usr/pub)-37.8 E 37.8(3/)108 541.6 S(usr/bin)-37.8 E 37.8(4/)108 552.6 S(usr)-37.8 E(/tmp> cd +2)108 563.6 Q(/usr/pub>)108 574.6 Q/F5 9 /Times-Italic@0 SF(PUSHDSILENT)72 591.6 Q F2 -.09(ke)3.099 G .849 (eps the shell from printing the directory stack each time we do a).09 F F1(cd)3.098 E F2 3.098(,a)C(nd)-3.098 E F5(PUSHDT)3.098 E(OHOME)-.162 E F2 .848(we mentioned)3.098 F(earlier:)72 602.6 Q F1 (/usr/pub> unsetopt pushdsilent)108 619.6 Q(/usr/pub> cd /etc)108 630.6 Q(/etc /usr/pub /tmp ~ /usr/bin /usr)108 641.6 Q(/etc> cd)108 652.6 Q 5.4(~/)108 663.6 S(etc /usr/pub /tmp ~ /usr/bin /usr)-5.4 E (~> unsetopt pushdtohome)108 674.6 Q(~> cd)108 685.6 Q (/etc ~ /usr/pub /tmp ~ /usr/bin /usr)108 696.6 Q(/etc>)108 707.6 Q/F6 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(DIRST)72 724.6 Q -.495(AC)-.81 G(KSIZE).495 E F2 -.09 (ke)2.25 G(eps the directory stack from getting too lar).09 E (ge, much lik)-.162 E(e)-.09 E F5(HISTSIZE)2.25 E F2(:)A 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 14 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-12-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF (/etc> setopt pushdsilent)108 83 Q(/etc> cd /)108 94 Q(/> cd /)108 105 Q (/> cd /)108 116 Q(/> cd /)108 127 Q(/> cd /)108 138 Q(/> cd /)108 149 Q (/> cd /)108 160 Q(/> cd /)108 171 Q(/> dh)108 182 Q 37.8(0/)108 193 S 37.8(1/)108 204 S 37.8(2/)108 215 S 37.8(3/)108 226 S 37.8(4/)108 237 S 37.8(5/)108 248 S 37.8(6/)108 259 S 37.8(7/)108 270 S/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Command/Pr)72 300 Q(ocess Substitution)-.18 E F0 .024 (Command substitution in)72 315.6 R F2(zsh)2.524 E F0 .024(can tak)2.524 F 2.524(et)-.1 G .224 -.1(wo f)-2.524 H 2.524(orms. In).1 F .024 (the traditional form, a command enclosed in backquotes $)2.524 F/F3 10 /Courier@0 SF(`)A F0(...)A F3(`)A F0($)A .519 (is replaced on the command line with its output.)72 327.6 R .518 (This is the form used by the older shells.)5.519 F(Ne)5.518 E .518 (wer shells $lik)-.25 F(e)-.1 E F2(zsh)3.018 E F0($)A(also pro)72 339.6 Q(vide another form,)-.15 E F3($$)2.5 E F0(...)A F3($)A F0 5(.T) C(his form is much easier to nest.)-5 E F1 5.4(%l)108 356.6 S 5.4(s-) -5.4 G 5.4(l`)-5.4 G(echo /vmunix`)-5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 367.6 R 27(root 1209702)5.4 F(May 14 19:04 /vmunix)5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 378.6 S 5.4 (s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l$)-5.4 G($echo /vmunix$)-5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 389.6 R 27(root 1209702)5.4 F(May 14 19:04 /vmunix)5.4 E 5.4(%w)108 400.6 S(ho | grep mad)-5.4 E(subbarao ttyt7)108 411.6 Q(May 23 15:02) 16.2 E($mad55sx15.Prince$)16.2 E(pfalstad ttyu1)108 422.6 Q (May 23 16:25)16.2 E($mad55sx14.Prince$)16.2 E(subbarao ttyu6)108 433.6 Q(May 23 15:04)16.2 E($mad55sx15.Prince$)16.2 E(pfalstad ttyv3) 108 444.6 Q(May 23 16:25)16.2 E($mad55sx14.Prince$)16.2 E 5.4(%w)108 455.6 S(ho | grep mad | awk '{print $2}')-5.4 E(ttyt7)108 466.6 Q(ttyu1) 108 477.6 Q(ttyu6)108 488.6 Q(ttyv3)108 499.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 510.6 S 5.4 (d/)-5.4 G(dev; ls -l $$who |)-5.4 E 5.4(>g)108 521.6 S (rep $\(echo mad$ |)-5.4 E 5.4(>a)108 532.6 S(wk '{ print $2 }'\))-5.4 E 5.4(crwx-w---- 1)108 543.6 R 5.4(subbarao 20, 71)5.4 F (May 23 18:35 ttyt7)5.4 E 5.4(crw--w---- 1)108 554.6 R 5.4 (pfalstad 20, 81)5.4 F(May 23 18:42 ttyu1)5.4 E 5.4(crwx-w---- 1)108 565.6 R 5.4(subbarao 20, 86)5.4 F(May 23 18:38 ttyu6)5.4 E 5.4 (crw--w---- 1)108 576.6 R 5.4(pfalstad 20, 99)5.4 F(May 23 18:41 ttyv3) 5.4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(Man)72 593.6 Q 2.25(yc)-.135 G (ommon uses of command substitution, ho)-2.25 E(we)-.225 E -.135(ve) -.225 G .72 -.36(r, a).135 H(re superseded by other mechanisms of).36 E /F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.25 E F4(:)A F1 5.4(%l)108 610.6 S 5.4(s-) -5.4 G 5.4(l`)-5.4 G(tty`)-5.4 E 5.4(crw-rw-rw- 1)108 621.6 R 27 (root 20,)5.4 F(28 May 23 18:35 /dev/ttyqc)10.8 E 5.4(%l)108 632.6 S 5.4 (s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l$)-5.4 G(TTY)-5.4 E 5.4(crw-rw-rw- 1)108 643.6 R 27 (root 20,)5.4 F(28 May 23 18:35 /dev/ttyqc)10.8 E 5.4(%l)108 654.6 S 5.4 (s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l`)-5.4 G(which rn`)-5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 665.6 R 32.4(root 172032)5.4 F 5.4(Mar 6)5.4 F(18:40 /usr/princeton/bin/rn)5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 676.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l=)-5.4 G(rn)-5.4 E 5.4 (-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 687.6 R 32.4(root 172032)5.4 F 5.4(Mar 6)5.4 F (18:40 /usr/princeton/bin/rn)5.4 E F4 2.559(Ac)72 704.6 S .309 (ommand name with a)-2.559 F F1(=)2.559 E F4 .309 (prepended is replaced with its full pathname.)2.559 F .309 (This can be v)4.809 F .31(ery con)-.135 F -.135(ve)-.36 G 2.56 (nient. If).135 F(it')2.56 E 2.56(sn)-.495 G .31(ot con)-2.56 F -.135 (ve)-.36 G .31(nient for).135 F(you, you can turn it of)72 715.6 Q(f:) -.225 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-13-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l)108 83 S(s)-5.4 E 16.2(=foo =bar)108 94 R 5.4(%l)108 105 S 5.4(s=)-5.4 G (foo =bar)-5.4 E(zsh: foo not found)108 116 Q 5.4(%s)108 127 S (etopt noequals)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 138 S 5.4(s=)-5.4 G(foo =bar)-5.4 E 16.2(=foo =bar)108 149 R F0 (Another nice feature is process substitution:)72 170.6 Q F1 5.4(%w)108 187.6 S(ho | fgrep -f =$print -l root lemke shgchan subbarao$)-5.4 E 21.6(root console)108 198.6 R(May 19 10:41)5.4 E 16.2(lemke ttyq0)108 209.6 R(May 22 10:05)16.2 E($narnia:0.0$)16.2 E 16.2(lemke ttyr7)108 220.6 R(May 22 10:05)16.2 E($narnia:0.0$)16.2 E 16.2(lemke ttyrd)108 231.6 R(May 22 10:05)16.2 E($narnia:0.0$)16.2 E 5.4(shgchan ttys1)108 242.6 R(May 23 16:52)16.2 E($gaudi.Princeton.$)16.2 E(subbarao ttyt7) 108 253.6 Q(May 23 15:02)16.2 E($mad55sx15.Prince$)16.2 E (subbarao ttyu6)108 264.6 Q(May 23 15:04)16.2 E($mad55sx15.Prince$) 16.2 E 5.4(shgchan ttyvb)108 275.6 R(May 23 16:51)16.2 E ($gaudi.Princeton.$)16.2 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.721(Ac)72 292.6 S .47(ommand of the form)-2.721 F F1(=$)2.72 E F2(...)A F1($)A F2 .47 (is replaced with the name of a)2.72 F/F3 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214le) 2.72 E F2 .47(containing its output.)2.72 F .47 ($A command substitution, on the other)4.97 F 1.123 (hand, is replaced with the output itself.$)72 303.6 R F1 1.123 (print -l)5.623 F F2 1.123(is lik)3.373 F(e)-.09 E F1(echo)3.373 E F2 3.373(,e)C 1.124(xcepts that it prints its ar)-3.508 F 1.124 (guments one per line, the w)-.162 F(ay)-.09 E F1(fgrep)72 314.6 Q F2 -.135(ex)2.25 G(pects them:).135 E F1 5.4(%p)108 331.6 S (rint -l foo bar)-5.4 E(foo)108 342.6 Q(bar)108 353.6 Q F2 1.44 -.72 (We c)72 370.6 T(ould also ha).72 E .27 -.135(ve w)-.18 H(ritten:).135 E F1 5.4(%w)108 387.6 S(ho | fgrep -f =$echo 'root)-5.4 E 5.4(>l)108 398.6 S(emke)-5.4 E 5.4(>s)108 409.6 S(hgchan)-5.4 E 5.4(>s)108 420.6 S (ubbarao'$)-5.4 E F2 2.25(Using process substitution,)72 437.6 R 2.25 (you can edit the output of a command:)2.25 F F1 5.4(%e)108 454.6 S 5.4 (d=)-5.4 G($who | fgrep -f ~/.friends$)-5.4 E(355)108 465.6 Q (g/lemke/d)108 476.6 Q 5.4(w/)108 487.6 S(tmp/filbar)-5.4 E(226)108 498.6 Q(q)108 509.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 520.6 S(at /tmp/filbar)-5.4 E 21.6 (root console)108 531.6 R(May 19 10:41)5.4 E 5.4(shgchan ttys1)108 542.6 R(May 23 16:52)16.2 E($gaudi.Princeton.$)16.2 E(subbarao ttyt7)108 553.6 Q(May 23 15:02)16.2 E($mad55sx15.Prince$)16.2 E(subbarao ttyu6) 108 564.6 Q(May 23 15:04)16.2 E($mad55sx15.Prince$)16.2 E 5.4 (shgchan ttyvb)108 575.6 R(May 23 16:51)16.2 E($gaudi.Princeton.$)16.2 E F2(or easily read archi)72 592.6 Q -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.25(dm).135 G (ail:)-2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-14-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%m)108 83 S(ail -f =$zcat ~/mail/oldzshmail.Z$)-5.4 E ("/tmp/zsha06024": 84 messages, 0 new, 43 unread)108 94 Q 10.8(>1UT)108 105 S(O: pfalstad, zsh $10$)-10.8 E 10.8(2Un)124.2 116 S (ytim!tim@uunet.uu.net, Re: Zsh on Sparc1 /SunOS 4.0.3)-10.8 E 10.8(3UJ) 124.2 127 S(AM%TPN@utrcgw.utc.com, zsh fix $15$)-10.8 E 10.8(4Ud)124.2 138 S(jm@eng.umd.edu, way to find out if running zsh? $25$)-10.8 E 10.8(5Ud)124.2 149 S (jm@eng.umd.edu, Re: way to find out if running zsh? $17$)-10.8 E 16.2 (6r)124.2 160 S(djm@eng.umd.edu, Meta . $18$)-10.8 E 10.8(7Uj)124.2 171 S(ack@cs.glasgow.ac.uk, Re: problem building zsh $147$)-10.8 E 10.8(8Un)124.2 182 S (ytim!tim@uunet.uu.net, Re: Zsh on Sparc1 /SunOS 4.0.3)-10.8 E 27(9u) 124.2 193 S(rsa!jmd, Another fix... $61$)-27 E 5.4 (10 U pplacewa@bbn.com,)118.8 204 R (Re: v18i084: Zsh 2.00 - A small complaint $36$)5.4 E 5.4 (11 U lubkin@cs.rochester.edu,)118.8 215 R(POSIX job control $34$)5.4 E 5.4(12 U yale!bronson!tan@uunet.UU.NET)118.8 226 R 5.4 (13 U brett@rpi.edu,)118.8 237 R(zsh $36$)5.4 E 5.4(14 S subbarao,) 118.8 248 R(zsh sucks!!!! $286$)5.4 E 5.4 (15 U snibru!d241s008!d241s013!ala@relay.EU.net,)118.8 259 R (zsh $165$)5.4 E 5.4(16 U nytim!tim@uunet.UU.NET,)118.8 270 R (Re: Zsh on Sparc1 /SunOS 4.0.3)5.4 E 5.4(17 U subbarao,)118.8 281 R (zsh is a junk shell $43$)5.4 E 5.4 (18 U amaranth@vela.acs.oakland.edu,)118.8 292 R(zsh $33$)5.4 E (43u/84 1: x)108 303 Q 5.4(%l)108 314 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l/)-5.4 G (tmp/zsha06024)-5.4 E(/tmp/zsha06024 not found)108 325 Q/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(Note that the shell creates a temporary \214le, and d\ eletes it when the command is \214nished.)72 342 Q F1 5.4(%d)108 359 S (iff =$ls$ =$ls -F$)-5.4 E(3c3)108 370 Q 5.4(<f)108 381 S(ortune) -5.4 E(---)108 392 Q 5.4(>f)108 403 S(ortune*)-5.4 E(10c10)108 414 Q 5.4 (<s)108 425 S(trfile)-5.4 E(---)108 436 Q 5.4(>s)108 447 S(trfile*)-5.4 E F2 .234(If you read)72 464 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.484 E F2 1.224 -.495('s m)D .234(an page, you may notice that).495 F F1(<$)2.484 E F2 (...)A F1($)A F2 .234 (is another form of process substitution which is similar to)4.734 F F1 (=$)2.484 E F2(...)A F1($)A F2 4.734(.T)C(here)-4.734 E .671 (is an important dif)72 475 R .672(ference between the tw)-.225 F 2.922 (o. In)-.09 F(the)2.922 E F1(<$)2.922 E F2(...)A F1($)A F2 .672 (case, the shell creates a named pipe $FIFO$ instead of a \214le.) 2.922 F .672(This is)5.172 F(better)72 486 Q 2.643(,s)-.36 G .393 (ince it does not \214ll up the \214le system; b)-2.643 F .393 (ut it does not w)-.18 F .393(ork in all cases.)-.09 F .393(In f)4.893 F .393(act, if we had replaced)-.09 F F1(=$)2.643 E F2(...)A F1($)A F2 (with)2.643 E F1(<$)2.643 E F2(...)A F1($)A F2(in)2.643 E .316(the e) 72 497 R .317(xamples abo)-.135 F -.135(ve)-.135 G 2.567(,a).135 G .317 (ll of them w)-2.567 F .317(ould ha)-.09 F .587 -.135(ve s)-.18 H .317 (topped w).135 F .317(orking e)-.09 F .317(xcept for)-.135 F F1 .317 (fgrep -f <$)2.567 F F2(...)A F1($)A F2 4.817(.Y)C .317 (ou can not edit a pipe, or open it)-5.807 F 1.438(as a mail folder;)72 508 R F1(fgrep)3.688 E F2 3.688(,h)C -.225(ow)-3.688 G -1.935 -.225 (ev e).225 H 2.158 -.36(r, h).225 H 1.438 (as no problem with reading a list of w).36 F 1.437(ords from a pipe.) -.09 F -.99(Yo)5.937 G 3.687(um).99 G 1.437(ay w)-3.687 F 1.437 (onder wh)-.09 F(y)-.045 E F1(diff)3.687 E .154(<$foo$ bar)72 519 R F2 (doesn')2.404 E 2.404(tw)-.162 G .154(ork, since)-2.494 F F1 .154 (foo | diff - bar)2.404 F F2 -.09(wo)2.404 G .154(rks; this is because) .09 F F1(diff)2.404 E F2 .155 (creates a temporary \214le if it notices that)2.404 F(one of its ar)72 530 Q(guments is)-.162 E F1(-)2.25 E F2 2.25(,a)C (nd then copies its standard input to the temporary \214le.)-2.25 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(>$)72 545.6 Q F0(...)A F4($)A F0(is just lik)2.5 E(e) -.1 E F4(<$)2.5 E F0(...)A F4($)A F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(cept that the comm\ and between the parentheses will get its input from the named pipe.).15 E F1 5.4(%d)108 562.6 S(vips -o >$lpr$ zsh.dvi)-5.4 E/F5 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(Redir)72 592.6 Q(ection)-.18 E F0 1.058 (Apart from all the re)72 608.2 R 1.058(gular redirections lik)-.15 F 3.558(et)-.1 G 1.058(he Bourne shell has,)-3.558 F F5(zsh)3.558 E F0 1.058(can do more.)3.558 F -1.1(Yo)6.057 G 3.557(uc)1.1 G 1.057 (an send the output of a)-3.557 F (command to more than one \214le, by specifying more redirections lik)72 620.2 Q(e)-.1 E F1 5.4(%e)108 637.2 S(cho Hello World >file1 >file2)-5.4 E F2(and the te)72 654.2 Q(xt will end up in both \214les.)-.135 E (Similarly)4.5 E 2.25(,y)-.585 G (ou can send the output to a \214le and into a pipe:)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%m) 108 671.2 S(ake > make.log | grep Error)-5.4 E F2 (The same goes for input.)72 688.2 Q -.99(Yo)4.5 G 2.25(uc).99 G(an mak) -2.25 E 2.25(et)-.09 G (he input of a command come from more than one \214le.)-2.25 E F1 5.4 (%s)108 705.2 S(ort <file1 <file2 <file3)-5.4 E F2 .642(The command wil\ l \214rst get the contents of \214le1 as its standard input, then those\ of \214le2 and \214nally the contents of \214le3.)72 722.2 R(This,) 5.143 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-15-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(too, w)72 83 Q(orks with pipes.)-.09 E/F2 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%c)108 100 S (ut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd | sort <newnames)-5.4 E F1 (The sort will get as its standard input \214rst the output of)72 117 Q F2(cut)2.25 E F1(and then the contents of)2.25 E F2(newnames)2.25 E F1 (.)A F0 .335(Suppose you w)72 132.6 R .335(ould lik)-.1 F 2.835(et)-.1 G 2.835(ow)-2.835 G .335 (atch the standard output of a command on your terminal, b)-2.935 F .335 (ut w)-.2 F .335(ant to pipe the standard)-.1 F (error to another command.)72 144.6 Q(An easy w)5 E(ay to do this in)-.1 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.5 E F0 (is by redirecting the standard error using)2.5 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF (2> >$)2.5 E F0(...)A F4($)A F0(.)A F2 5.4(%f)108 161.6 S (ind / -name games 2> >$grep -v 'Permission' > realerrors$)-5.4 E F1 (The abo)72 178.6 Q .27 -.135(ve r)-.135 H (edirection will actually be implemented with a re).135 E (gular pipe, not a temporary named pipe.)-.135 E F3(Aliasing)72 202.6 Q F0(Often-used commands can be abbre)72 218.2 Q(viated with an alias:) -.25 E F2 5.4(%a)108 235.2 S(lias uc=uncompress)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 246.2 S(s)-5.4 E(hanoi.Z)108 257.2 Q 5.4(%u)108 268.2 S 5.4(ch)-5.4 G(anoi) -5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 279.2 S(s)-5.4 E(hanoi)108 290.2 Q F1 (or commands with certain desired options:)72 307.2 Q F2 5.4(%a)108 324.2 S(lias fm='finger -m')-5.4 E 5.4(%f)108 335.2 S 5.4(mr)-5.4 G(oot) -5.4 E(Login name: root)108 346.2 Q(In real life: Operator)129.6 E (Directory: /)108 357.2 Q(Shell: /bin/csh)151.2 E (On since May 19 10:41:15 on console)108 368.2 Q 5.4(3d)27 G (ays 5 hours Idle Time)-5.4 E(No unread mail)108 379.2 Q(No Plan.)108 390.2 Q 5.4(%a)108 412.2 S(lias lock='lock -p -60000')-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 423.2 S(ock)-5.4 E (lock: /dev/ttyr4 on phoenix. timeout in 60000 minutes)108 434.2 Q (time now is Fri May 24 04:23:18 EDT 1991)108 445.2 Q(Key:)108 456.2 Q 5.4(%a)108 478.2 S(lias l='ls -AF')-5.4 E 5.4(%l/)108 489.2 S 70.2 (.bash_history kadb*)108 500.2 R 102.6(.bashrc lib@)108 511.2 R 108 (.cshrc licensed/)108 522.2 R 113.4(.exrc lost+found/)108 533.2 R 108 (.login macsyma)108 544.2 R F1(...)108 555.2 Q (Aliases can also be used to replace old commands:)72 572.2 Q F2 5.4(%a) 108 589.2 S(lias grep=egrep ps=sps make=gmake)-5.4 E 5.4(%a)108 600.2 S (lias whoami='echo root')-5.4 E 5.4(%w)108 611.2 S(hoami)-5.4 E(root)108 622.2 Q F1(or to de\214ne ne)72 639.2 Q 2.25(wo)-.225 G(nes:)-2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-16-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%c)108 83 S 5.4(d/)-5.4 G 5.4(%a)108 94 S(lias sz='ls -l | sort -n +3 | tail -10') -5.4 E 5.4(%s)108 105 S(z)-5.4 E 5.4(drwxr-sr-x 7)108 116 R 48.6 (bin 3072)5.4 F(May 23 11:59 etc)5.4 E(drwxrwxrwx 26 root)108 127 Q (5120 May 24 04:20 tmp)48.6 E 5.4(drwxr-xr-x 2)108 138 R 43.2(root 8192) 5.4 F(Dec 26 19:34 lost+found)5.4 E 5.4(drwxr-sr-x 2)108 149 R 43.2 (bin 14848)5.4 F(May 23 18:48 dev)5.4 E 5.4(-r--r--r-- 1)108 160 R 32.4 (root 140520)5.4 F(Dec 26 20:08 boot)5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 171 R 32.4(root 311172)5.4 F(Dec 26 20:08 kadb)5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 182 R 27(root 1209695)5.4 F(Apr 16 15:33 vmunix.old)5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1) 108 193 R 27(root 1209702)5.4 F(May 14 19:04 vmunix)5.4 E 5.4 (-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 204 R 27(root 1209758)5.4 F (May 21 12:23 vmunix.new.kernelmap.old)5.4 E 5.4(-rwxr-xr-x 1)108 215 R 27(root 1711848)5.4 F(Dec 26 20:08 vmunix.org)5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 226 S(d) -5.4 E 5.4(%a)108 237 S (lias rable='ls -AFtrd *$R$' nrable='ls -AFtrd *$^R$')-5.4 E 5.4(%r) 108 248 S(able)-5.4 E 27(README func/)108 259 R 37.8(bin/ pub/ News/) 37.8 F(src/)37.8 E 5.4(nicecolors etc/)108 270 R 37.8(scr/ tmp/ iris/) 43.2 F(zsh*)37.8 E 5.4(%n)108 281 S(rable)-5.4 E 5.4(Mailboxes/ mail/) 108 292 R(notes)37.8 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF($The pattern)72 309 Q F1 (*\(R$)2.25 E F2(matches all readable \214les in the current directory) 2.25 E 2.25(,a)-.585 G(nd)-2.25 E F1(*$^R$)2.25 E F2 (matches all unreadable \214les.\))2.25 E F0 .341(Most other shells ha) 72 324.6 R .641 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .341(liases of this kind $).15 F/F3 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(command)A F0 2.841(aliases$. Ho)2.841 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)3.241 E F0 .341 (also has)2.841 F F3(global)2.841 E F0 .342(aliases, which are sub-) 2.841 F(stituted an)72 336.6 Q(ywhere on a line.)-.15 E (Global aliases can be used to abbre)5 E (viate frequently-typed usernames, hostnames, etc.)-.25 E F1 5.4(%a)108 353.6 S(lias -g me=pfalstad gun=egsirer mjm=maruchck)-5.4 E 5.4(%w)108 364.6 S(ho | grep me)-5.4 E(pfalstad ttyp0)108 375.6 Q(May 24 03:39)16.2 E($mickey.Princeton$)16.2 E(pfalstad ttyp5)108 386.6 Q(May 24 03:42) 16.2 E($mickey.Princeton$)16.2 E 5.4(%f)108 397.6 S 5.4(mg)-5.4 G(un) -5.4 E(Login name: egsirer)108 408.6 Q(In real life: Emin Gun Sirer) 113.4 E(Directory: /u/egsirer)108 419.6 Q(Shell: /bin/sh)102.6 E (Last login Thu May 23 19:05 on ttyq3 from bow.Princeton.ED)108 430.6 Q (New mail received Fri May 24 02:30:28 1991;)108 441.6 Q (unread since Fri May 24 02:30:27 1991)118.8 452.6 Q 5.4(%a)108 463.6 S (lias -g phx=phoenix.princeton.edu warc=wuarchive.wustl.edu)-5.4 E 5.4 (%f)108 474.6 S(tp warc)-5.4 E(Connected to wuarchive.wustl.edu.)108 485.6 Q F2(Here are some more interesting uses.)72 502.6 Q F1 5.4(%a)108 519.6 S(lias -g M='| more' GF='| fgrep -f ~/.friends')-5.4 E 5.4(%w)108 530.6 S(ho M)-5.4 E(#)16.2 E/F5 9/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.25 (pipes the output of)5.4 F F1(who)4.5 E F5(thr)4.5 E(ough)-.405 E F1 (more)4.5 E 5.4(%w)108 541.6 S(ho GF)-5.4 E(#)10.8 E F5 2.25 (see if your friends ar)5.4 F 4.5(eo)-.333 G(n)-4.5 E F1 5.4(%wG)108 552.6 S 21.6(F#)-5.4 G F5 2.25(see what your friends ar)-16.2 F 4.5(ed) -.333 G(oing)-4.5 E F2(Another e)72 569.6 Q(xample mak)-.135 E (es use of)-.09 E/F6 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.25 E F2 .99 -.495('s p)D (rocess substitution.).495 E (If you run NIS, and you miss being able to do this:)4.5 E F1 5.4(%g)108 586.6 S(rep pfalstad /etc/passwd)-5.4 E F2 (you can de\214ne an alias that will seem more natural than)72 603.6 Q F1(ypmatch pfalstad passwd)2.25 E F2(:)A F1 5.4(%a)108 620.6 S (lias -g PASS='<$ypcat passwd$')-5.4 E 5.4(%g)108 631.6 S (rep pfalstad PASS)-5.4 E(pfalstad:*:3564:35:Paul John Falstad:/u/pfals\ tad:/usr/princeton/bin/zsh)108 642.6 Q F2(If you')72 659.6 Q (re really crazy)-.45 E 2.25(,y)-.585 G(ou can e)-2.25 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.25(nc).135 G(all it)-2.25 E F1(/etc/passwd)2.25 E F2(:)A F1 5.4(%a) 108 676.6 S(lias -g /etc/passwd='<$ypcat passwd$')-5.4 E 5.4(%g)108 687.6 S(rep pfalstad /etc/passwd)-5.4 E(pfalstad:*:3564:35:Paul John Fa\ lstad:/u/pfalstad:/usr/princeton/bin/zsh)108 698.6 Q F2 .594(The last e) 72 715.6 R .594(xample sho)-.135 F .593 (ws one of the perils of global aliases; the)-.225 F 2.843(yh)-.135 G -2.025 -.18(av e)-2.843 H 2.843(al)3.023 G .593 (ot of potential to cause confusion.)-2.843 F -.135(Fo)5.093 G 2.843(re) .135 G .593(xample, if you)-2.978 F .57(de\214ned a global alias called) 72 726.6 R F1(|)2.82 E F2 .57($which is possible$,)2.82 F F6(zsh)2.82 E F2 -.09(wo)2.82 G .57(uld be).09 F .571(gin to act v)-.135 F .571 (ery strangely; e)-.135 F -.135(ve)-.225 G .571(ry pipe symbol w).135 F .571(ould be replaced)-.09 F 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-17-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .266 (with the te)72 83 R .266(xt of your alias.)-.135 F 1.706 -.72(To s) 4.766 H .266(ome e).72 F .266(xtent, global aliases are lik)-.135 F 2.515(em)-.09 G .265 (acros in C; discretion is advised in using them and in choos-)-2.515 F .054(ing names for them.)72 94 R .055(Using names in all caps is not a \ bad idea, especially for aliases which introduce shell metasyntax $lik) 4.554 F(e)-.09 E/F2 9/Courier@0 SF(M)2.305 E F1(and)2.305 E F2(GF)72 105 Q F1(abo)2.25 E -.135(ve)-.135 G($.).135 E F0 .593(Note that)72 120.6 R /F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)3.093 E F0 .593(aliases are not lik)3.093 F 3.093(ec)-.1 G .593(sh aliases.)-3.093 F .592 (The syntax for de\214ning them is dif)5.592 F .592(ferent, and the)-.25 F 3.092(yd)-.15 G 3.092(on)-3.092 G .592(ot ha)-3.092 F .892 -.15(ve a) -.2 H -.18(rg).15 G(u-).18 E 2.5(ments. All)72 132.6 R(your f)2.5 E -.2 (avo)-.1 G(rite csh aliases will probably not w).2 E(ork under)-.1 E F3 (zsh)2.5 E F0 5(.F)C(or e)-5.15 E(xample, if you try:)-.15 E F2 (alias rm mv '\\!* /tmp/wastebasket')108 149.6 Q F1 .834 (no aliases will be de\214ned, b)72 166.6 R(ut)-.18 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)3.084 E F1 .835(will not report an error)3.085 F 5.335(.I)-.495 G 3.085(nc)-5.335 G .835(sh, this line de\214nes an alias that mak)-3.085 F(es)-.09 E F2(rm)3.085 E F1 .835(safe---\214les that are)3.085 F F2(rm) 72 177.6 Q F1 1.436 -.45('d w)D .536(ill be mo).45 F -.135(ve)-.135 G 2.786(dt).135 G 2.786(oat)-2.786 G .536 (emporary directory instead of instantly destro)-2.786 F 2.786(yed. In) -.09 F F4(zsh)2.786 E F1 1.526 -.495('s s)D .536(yntax, ho).495 F(we) -.225 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 1.255 -.36(r, t).135 H .535 (his line asks the shell to).36 F .737(print an)72 188.6 R 2.987(ye) -.135 G .737(xisting alias de\214nitions for)-3.122 F F2(rm)2.987 E F1 (,)A F2(mv)2.987 E F1 2.987(,o)C(r)-2.987 E F2(!* /tmp/wastebasket)2.987 E F1 5.237(.S)C .737(ince there are none, most lik)-5.237 F(ely)-.09 E 2.987(,t)-.585 G .737(he shell will)-2.987 F(not print an)72 199.6 Q (ything, although)-.135 E F2(alias)2.25 E F1(will return a nonzero e) 2.25 E(xit code.)-.135 E(The proper syntax is this:)4.5 E F2 (alias rm='mv \\!* /tmp/wastebasket')108 216.6 Q F1(Ho)72 233.6 Q(we) -.225 E -.135(ve)-.225 G .72 -.36(r, t).135 H(his w).36 E(on')-.09 E 2.25(tw)-.162 G(ork either:)-2.34 E F2 5.4(%r)108 250.6 S 5.4(mf)-5.4 G (oo.dvi)-5.4 E(zsh: no matches found: !*)108 261.6 Q F1(While this mak) 72 278.6 Q(es)-.09 E F2(rm)2.25 E F1 (safe, it is certainly not what the user intended.)2.25 E(In)4.5 E F4 (zsh)2.25 E F1 2.25(,y)C(ou must use a shell function for this:)-2.25 E F2 5.4(%u)108 295.6 S(nalias rm)-5.4 E 5.4(%r)108 306.6 S 5.4(m$)-5.4 G 5.4(${m)-5.4 G 5.4(v$)-5.4 G 5.4(*/)-5.4 G(tmp/wastebasket })-5.4 E 5.4 (%r)108 317.6 S 5.4(mf)-5.4 G(oo.dvi)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 328.6 S 5.4(s/) -5.4 G(tmp/wastebasket)-5.4 E(foo.dvi)108 339.6 Q F1 .341(While this is\ much cleaner and easier to read $I hope you will agree$, it is not c\ sh-compatible.)72 356.6 R .341(Therefore, a script to con)4.841 F -.135 (ve)-.36 G .341(rt csh).135 F .667(aliases and v)72 367.6 R .667 (ariables has been pro)-.225 F 2.917(vided. Y)-.135 F .667 (ou should only need to use it once, to con)-.99 F -.135(ve)-.36 G .668 (rt all your csh aliases and parameters to).135 F F4(zsh)72 378.6 Q F1 (format:)2.25 E F2 5.4(%c)108 395.6 S(sh)-5.4 E(csh> alias)108 406.6 Q 37.8(ll)108 417.6 S 5.4(s-)-37.8 G(AF)-5.4 E 16.2(more less)108 428.6 R 27(on last)108 439.6 R(-2 !:1 ; who | grep !:1)5.4 E(csh> exit)108 450.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 461.6 S(2z >neat_zsh_aliases)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 472.6 S (at neat_zsh_aliases)-5.4 E(alias l='ls -AF')108 483.6 Q (alias more='less')108 494.6 Q(on  { last -2 $1 ; who | grep $1 }) 108 505.6 Q(...)108 516.6 Q F1 .289(The \214rst tw)72 533.6 R 2.539(oa) -.09 G .289(liases were con)-2.539 F -.135(ve)-.36 G .289(rted to re) .135 F(gular)-.135 E F4(zsh)2.539 E F1 .288 (aliases, while the third, since it needed to handle ar)2.539 F .288 (guments, w)-.162 F .288(as con)-.09 F -.135(ve)-.36 G .288(rted to).135 F 2.682(af)72 544.6 S(unction.)-2.682 E F2(c2z)4.932 E F1 .433(can con) 2.683 F -.135(ve)-.36 G .433(rt most aliases to).135 F F4(zsh)2.683 E F1 .433(format without an)2.683 F 2.683(yp)-.135 G 2.683(roblems. Ho)-2.683 F(we)-.225 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 1.153 -.36(r, i).135 H 2.683(fy).36 G(ou') -2.683 E .433(re using some really arcane csh)-.45 F (tricks, or if you ha)72 555.6 Q .27 -.135(ve a)-.18 H 2.25(na).135 G (lias with a name lik)-2.25 E(e)-.09 E F2(do)2.25 E F1 ($which is reserv)2.25 E(ed in)-.135 E F4(zsh)2.25 E F1($, you may ha) A .27 -.135(ve t)-.18 H 2.25<6f8c>.135 G 2.25(xs)-2.25 G (ome of the aliases by hand.)-2.25 E F0(The)72 571.2 Q/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(c2z)2.652 E F0 .151 (script checks your csh setup, and produces a list of)2.651 F F3(zsh) 2.651 E F0 .151(commands which replicate your aliases and param-)2.651 F (eter settings as closely as possible.)72 583.2 Q -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(uc)1.1 G(ould include its output in your startup \214le,)-2.5 E F5(.zshrc)2.5 E F0(.)A F3(History)72 607.2 Q F0(There are se)72 622.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G (ral w).15 E(ays to manipulate history in)-.1 E F3(zsh)2.5 E F0 5(.O)C (ne w)-5 E(ay is to use csh-style)-.1 E F5(!)2.5 E F0(history:)2.5 E F2 5.4(%/)108 639.8 S(usr/bin/!:0 !-2*:s/foo/bar/ >>!$)-5.4 E F1 .432 (If you don')72 656.8 R 2.682(tw)-.162 G .432 (ant to use this, you can turn it of)-2.772 F 2.682(fb)-.225 G 2.682(yt) -2.682 G(yping)-2.682 E F2 .433(setopt nobanghist)2.683 F F1 4.933(.I)C 2.683(fy)-4.933 G .433(ou are afraid of accidentally e)-2.683 F -.135 (xe)-.135 G(cuting).135 E .221(the wrong command you can set the)72 667.8 R/F6 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(HISTVERIFY)2.471 E F1 2.471(option. If) 2.471 F .22(this option is set, commands that result from history e) 2.471 F .22(xpansion will)-.135 F(not be e)72 678.8 Q -.135(xe)-.135 G (cuted immediately).135 E 2.25(,b)-.585 G (ut will be put back into the editor b)-2.43 E(uf)-.18 E (fer for further consideration.)-.225 E F0 1.166(If you')72 694.4 R 1.166(re not f)-.5 F 1.166(amiliar with)-.1 F F5(!)3.666 E F0(history) 3.666 E 3.666(,h)-.65 G 1.166(ere follo)-3.666 F 1.166(ws some e)-.25 F 3.667(xplanation. History)-.15 F 1.167(substitutions al)3.667 F -.1(wa) -.1 G 1.167(ys start with a).1 F F5(!)3.667 E F0(,)A .67 (commonly called \231bang\232.)72 706.4 R .67(After the)5.67 F F5(!)3.17 E F0 .669(comes an $optional$ designation of which \231e)3.17 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G .669(nt\232 $command$ to use, then a).15 F .99 (colon, and then a designation of what w)72 718.4 R .99 (ord of that command to use.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.99 G 3.49(re).15 G(xample,) -3.64 E F5(!-)3.49 E/F7 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 .99 (refers to the command)3.49 F F7(n)3.49 E F0(commands ago.)72 730.4 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-18-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l)108 83 S(s)-5.4 E 5.4(foo bar)108 94 R 5.4(%c)108 105 S 5.4(df)-5.4 G(oo)-5.4 E 5.4(%!)108 116 S(-2)-5.4 E(ls)108 127 Q 5.4(baz bam)108 138 R/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF .423(No w)72 155 R .423(ord designator w)-.09 F .422 (as used, which means that the whole command referred to w)-.09 F .422 (as repeated.)-.09 F .422(Note that the shell will echo the)4.922 F 1.12 (result of the history substitution.)72 166 R 1.121(The w)5.62 F 1.121 (ord designator can, among other things, be a number indicating the ar) -.09 F 1.121(gument to use,)-.162 F(where)72 177 Q F1(0)2.25 E F2 (is the command.)2.25 E F1 5.4(%/)108 194 S(usr/bin/ls foo)-5.4 E(foo) 108 205 Q 5.4(%!)108 216 S(:0 bar)-5.4 E(/usr/bin/ls bar)108 227 Q(bar) 108 238 Q F2(In this e)72 255 Q(xample, no e)-.135 E -.135(ve)-.225 G (nt designator w).135 E(as used, which tells)-.09 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF (zsh)2.25 E F2(to use the pre)2.25 E(vious command.)-.225 E(A)4.5 E F1 ($)2.25 E F2(speci\214es the last ar)2.25 E(gument)-.162 E F1 5.4(%m)108 272 S(kdir /usr/local/lib/emacs/site-lisp/calc)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 283 S 5.4(d!)-5.4 G(:$)-5.4 E(cd /usr/local/lib/emacs/site-lisp/calc)108 294 Q F2(If you use more w)72 311 Q (ords of the same command, only the \214rst)-.09 E F1(!)2.25 E F2 (needs an e)4.5 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(nt designator).135 E(.)-.495 E F1 5.4 (%m)108 328 S(ake prig >> make.log)-5.4 E (make: *** No rule to make target `prig'.)108 339 Q(Stop.)10.8 E 5.4(%c) 108 350 S 5.4(ds)-5.4 G(rc)-5.4 E 5.4(%!)108 361 S(-2:0 prog >> !:$)-5.4 E(make prog >> make.log)108 372 Q F2 .019(This is dif)72 389 R .019 (ferent from csh, where a bang with no e)-.225 F -.135(ve)-.225 G .019 (nt designator al).135 F -.09(wa)-.09 G .019(ys refers to the pre).09 F .019(vious command.)-.225 F .018(If you actually lik)4.519 F 2.268(et) -.09 G(his)-2.268 E(beha)72 400 Q(viour)-.18 E 2.25(,s)-.36 G(et the) -2.25 E/F4 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(CSHJUNKIEHIST)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.162 E F2(option.)2.25 E F1 5.4(%s)108 417 S(etopt cshjunkiehistory)-5.4 E 5.4 (%!)108 428 S(-2:0 prog2 >> !:$)-5.4 E(make prog2 >> cshjunkiehistory) 108 439 Q F2(Another w)72 456 Q(ay to use history is to use the)-.09 E F1(fc)2.25 E F2 2.25(command. F)2.25 F(or e)-.135 E (xample, if you type an erroneous command:)-.135 E F1 5.4(%f)108 473 S (or i in `cat /etc/clients`)-5.4 E(do)113.4 484 Q(rpu $i)113.4 495 Q (done)113.4 506 Q(zsh: command not found: rpu)108 517 Q (zsh: command not found: rpu)108 528 Q(zsh: command not found: rpu)108 539 Q F2(...)108 550 Q(typing)72 567 Q F1(fc)2.25 E F2(will e)2.25 E -.135(xe)-.135 G(cute an editor on this command, allo).135 E (wing you to \214x it.)-.225 E($The def)4.5 E(ault editor is)-.09 E F1 (vi)2.25 E F2 2.25(,b)C 2.25(yt)-2.25 G(he w)-2.25 E(ay)-.09 E 2.25(,n) -.585 G(ot)-2.25 E F1(ed)2.25 E F2($.)A 0 Cg EP %%Page: 19 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-19-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%f)108 83 S(c)-5.4 E(49)108 94 Q(/rpu/s//rup/p)108 105 Q(rup $i)113.4 116 Q(w)108 127 Q(49)108 138 Q(q)108 149 Q(for i in `cat /etc/clients`)108 160 Q(do) 113.4 171 Q(rup $i)113.4 182 Q(done)113.4 193 Q 16.2(beam up)151.2 204 R 5.4(2d)10.8 G(ays, 10:17,)-5.4 E(load average: 0.86, 0.80, 0.50)21.6 E 16.2(bow up)156.6 215 R 5.4(4d)10.8 G 5.4(ays, 8:41,)-5.4 F (load average: 0.91, 0.80, 0.50)21.6 E 16.2(burn up)151.2 226 R 16.2 (17:18, load)54 F(average: 0.91, 0.80, 0.50)5.4 E 16.2(burst up)145.8 237 R 5.4(9d)10.8 G 5.4(ays, 1:49,)-5.4 F (load average: 0.95, 0.80, 0.50)21.6 E 16.2(tan up)156.6 248 R 16.2 (11:14, load)54 F(average: 0.91, 0.80, 0.50)5.4 E 16.2(bathe up)145.8 259 R 5.4(3d)10.8 G(ays, 17:49,)-5.4 E(load average: 1.84, 1.79, 1.50) 21.6 E 16.2(bird up)151.2 270 R 5.4(1d)10.8 G 10.8(ay, 9:13,)-5.4 F (load average: 1.95, 1.82, 1.51)21.6 E 16.2(bonnet up)140.4 281 R 5.4 (2d)10.8 G(ays, 21:18,)-5.4 E(load average: 0.93, 0.80, 0.50)21.6 E/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(...)108 292 Q 2.25(Av)72 309 S(ariant of the)-2.475 E F1(fc)2.25 E F2(command is)2.25 E F1(r)2.25 E F2 2.25(,w)C (hich redoes the last command, with optional changes:)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%e) 108 326 S(cho foo)-5.4 E(foo)108 337 Q 5.4(%r)108 348 S(echo foo)108 359 Q(foo)108 370 Q 5.4(%e)108 392 S(cho foo)-5.4 E(foo)108 403 Q 5.4(%rf) 108 414 S(oo=bar)-5.4 E(echo bar)108 425 Q(bar)108 436 Q/F3 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(Command Line Editing)72 466 Q(zsh)72 481.6 Q F0 2.629 -.55('s c)D 1.529(ommand line editor).55 F(,)-.4 E F3(ZLE)4.029 E F0 4.029(,i)C 4.029(sq)-4.029 G 1.529(uite po)-4.029 F 4.029(werful. It) -.25 F 1.53(is designed to emulate either emacs or vi; the def)4.029 F 1.53(ault is)-.1 F 2.639(emacs. T)72 493.6 R 2.639(os)-.8 G .139 (et the bindings for vi mode, type)-2.639 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .138 (bindkey -v)2.638 F F0 5.138(.I)C 2.638(fy)-5.138 G(our)-2.638 E F3 (EDIT)2.638 E(OR)-.18 E F0(or)2.638 E F3(VISU)2.638 E(AL)-.6 E F0(en) 2.638 E .138(vironment v)-.4 F .138(ariable is)-.25 F(vi,)72 505.6 Q F3 (zsh)2.5 E F0(will use vi emulation by def)2.5 E 2.5(ault. Y)-.1 F (ou can then switch to emacs mode with)-1.1 E F4(bindkey -e)2.5 E F0(.)A .476(In addition to basic editing, the shell allo)72 521.2 R .477 (ws you to recall pre)-.25 F .477(vious lines in the history)-.25 F 5.477(.I)-.65 G 2.977(ne)-5.477 G .477(macs mode, this is done)-2.977 F (with)72 533.2 Q/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(^P)2.5 E F0 ($control-P$ or $on man)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G (erminals$ with the cursor)-2.5 E(-up k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F1 5.4(%l)108 550.2 S 5.4(s~)-5.4 G 59.4(-R)108 561.2 S 27(EADME file)-59.4 F 37.8(mail pub)43.2 F(tmp)48.6 E 10.8(Mailboxes bin)108 572.2 R 37.8 (func nicecolors)48.6 F 43.2(scr zsh)10.8 F 37.8(News etc)108 583.2 R 37.8(iris notes)48.6 F(src)37.8 E 5.4(%e)108 594.2 S(cho foobar)-5.4 E (foobar)108 605.2 Q(%)108 616.2 Q/F6 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(^P)5.4 E F1 5.4 (%e)108 627.2 S(cho foobar)-5.4 E F6(^P)A F1 5.4(%l)108 638.2 S 5.4(s~) -5.4 G(_)-5.4 E F2(Pressing)72 655.2 Q F6(^P)2.478 E F2 .228 (once brings up the pre)2.478 F .228(vious line $)-.225 F F1 .228 (echo foobar)B F2 .228($; pressing it ag)B .228 (ain brings up the line before that $)-.045 F F1 .227(ls ~)B F2 2.477 ($. The)B(cur)2.477 E(-)-.18 E .597 (sor is left at the end of the line, allo)72 666.2 R .597 (wing you to edit the line if desired before e)-.225 F -.135(xe)-.135 G .597(cuting it.).135 F .598(In man)5.098 F 2.848(yc)-.135 G(ases,)-2.848 E/F7 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ZLE)2.848 E F2 .598(eliminates the)2.848 F (need for the)72 677.2 Q F1(fc)2.25 E F2(command, since it is po)2.25 E (werful enough to handle e)-.225 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.25(nm).135 G (ultiline commands:)-2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-20-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%f)108 83 S(or i in a b c d e)-5.4 E 5.4(>d)108 94 S(o)-5.4 E 5.4(>e)108 105 S (cho $i)-5.4 E 5.4(>d)108 116 S(one)-5.4 E(a)108 127 Q(b)108 138 Q(c)108 149 Q(d)108 160 Q(e)108 171 Q(%)108 182 Q/F2 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(^P)5.4 E F1 5.4(%f)108 193 S(or i in a b c d e)-5.4 E(do)113.4 204 Q(echo $i) 113.4 215 Q(done_)113.4 226 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(No)72 243 Q 2.25(wy) -.225 G(ou can just mo)-2.25 E .27 -.135(ve u)-.135 H 2.25(pt).135 G 2.25(ot)-2.25 G(he part you w)-2.25 E(ant to change...)-.09 E F1 5.4(%f) 108 260 S(or i in a)-5.4 E .36 LW 171.9 262.25 167.4 262.25 DL 172.8 262.25 168.3 262.25 DL 5.4(bcde)178.2 260 S(do)113.4 271 Q(echo $i)113.4 282 Q(done)113.4 293 Q F3(change it, and e)72 310 Q -.135(xe)-.135 G (cute the ne).135 E 2.25(wc)-.225 G(ommand.)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%f)108 327 S (or i in f g h i j)-5.4 E(do)113.4 338 Q(echo $i)113.4 349 Q(done)113.4 360 Q(f)108 371 Q(g)108 382 Q(h)108 393 Q(i)108 404 Q(j)108 415 Q F3 .753(Also, you can search the history for a certain command using)72 432 R F2(ESC-P)3.002 E F3 3.002(,t)C .752 (his will look for the last command that started with the)-3.002 F ($part of the$ w)72 443 Q(ord at the be)-.09 E (ginning of the current line.)-.135 E(Hitting)4.5 E F2(ESC-P)2.25 E F3 (another time gets you the command before that, etc.)2.25 E F1 5.4(%s) 108 460 S(et)-5.4 E F2(ESC-P)5.4 E F1 5.4(%s)108 471 S(etopt autolist) -5.4 E F2(ESC-P)5.4 E F1 5.4(%s)108 482 S(etopt nocorrect_)-5.4 E F3 (Another w)72 499 Q(ay is to do an incremental search, emacs-style:)-.09 E F1(%)108 516 Q F2(^R)5.4 E F1 5.4(%_)108 527 S(i-search:)108 538 Q 5.4 (%l)108 560 S(s)-5.4 E 128.7 562.25 124.2 562.25 DL 129.6 562.25 125.1 562.25 DL(/usr/bin)135 560 Q(i-search: l)108 571 Q 5.4(%d)108 593 S (ate > foofile.)-5.4 E 198.9 595.25 194.4 595.25 DL 199.8 595.25 195.3 595.25 DL(c)199.8 593 Q(i-search: le)108 604 Q F3 .934(Suppose you ha)72 621 R 1.204 -.135(ve r)-.18 H(etrie).135 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 3.184(da) .135 G 3.184(no)-3.184 G .934(ld history e)-3.184 F -.135(ve)-.225 G .935(nt in one of these w).135 F .935(ays and w)-.09 F .935(ould lik) -.09 F 3.185(et)-.09 G 3.185(oe)-3.185 G -.135(xe)-3.32 G .935(cute se) .135 F -.135(ve)-.225 G .935(ral consecuti).135 F 1.205 -.135(ve o)-.225 H .935(ld com-).135 F .144(mands starting with this one.)72 632 R F1(^O) 4.643 E F3 .143(will e)2.393 F -.135(xe)-.135 G .143 (cute the current command and then put the ne).135 F .143 (xt command from the history into the edi-)-.135 F .312(tor b)72 643 R (uf)-.18 E(fer)-.225 E 4.812(.T)-.495 G(yping)-5.532 E F1(^O)2.562 E F3 (se)2.562 E -.135(ve)-.225 G .312(ral times will therefore ree).135 F -.135(xe)-.135 G .312(cute se).135 F -.135(ve)-.225 G .312 (ral consecuti).135 F .582 -.135(ve c)-.225 H .312 (ommands from the history).135 F 4.812(.O)-.585 G 2.562(fc)-4.812 G .312 (ourse, you can)-2.562 F(edit some of those commands in between.)72 654 Q F0(In addition to completion $see belo)72 669.6 Q(w$,)-.25 E/F4 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF -.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(performs e)2.5 E (xpansion if possible.)-.15 E F1 5.4(%l)108 686.6 S 5.4(s*)-5.4 G(.c) -5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 697.6 S 5.4(sf)-5.4 G (oofile.c fortune.c rnd.c strfile.c unstr.c_)-5.4 E F3 -.135(Fo)72 714.6 S 2.25(re).135 G(xample, suppose you ha)-2.385 E .27 -.135(ve a b)-.18 H (unch of weird \214les in an important directory:)-.045 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-21-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l)108 83 S(s)-5.4 E 21.6 5.4(*** ;&%$)118.8 94 T 5.4(??foo dspfok)-5.4 F(foo.c) 43.2 E 32.4(!"foo"! `)118.8 105 R 32.4 5.4(\\` f)5.4 H 54(oo rrr)-5.4 F /F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.99(Yo)72 122 S 2.25(uw).99 G(ant to remo)-2.34 E .27 -.135(ve t)-.135 H(hem, b).135 E(ut you don')-.18 E 2.25(tw)-.162 G(ant to damage)-2.34 E F1(foo.c)2.25 E F2 4.5(.H)C(ere is one w)-4.5 E (ay to do this:)-.09 E F1 5.4(%r)108 139 S 5.4(m*)-5.4 G/F3 9 /Times-Italic@0 SF -.45(TA)-5.4 G(B).45 E F1 5.4(%r)108 150 S 5.4 (m\\\\\\)-5.4 G(*\\ \\*\\ \\*\\ \\ \\)-5.4 E (\\!\\"foo\\"\\! \\;\\ \\&\\ %\\ \\$')10.8 E -5.4<b427>108 161 S (foo \\`\\ \\\\\\ \\` dspfok foo foo.c rrr_)5.4 E F2 .202(When you e)72 178 R(xpand)-.135 E F1(*)2.452 E F2(,)A/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.451 E F2 .201(inserts the names of all the \214les into the editing b)2.451 F (uf)-.18 E(fer)-.225 E 2.451(,w)-.36 G .201(ith proper shell quoting.) -2.451 F(No)4.701 E 1.371 -.585(w, j)-.225 H .201(ust mo).585 F .471 -.135(ve b)-.135 H(ack).135 E(and remo)72 189 Q -.135(ve)-.135 G F1 (foo.c)2.385 E F2(from the b)2.25 E(uf)-.18 E(fer:)-.225 E F1 5.4(%r)108 206 S 5.4(m\\\\\\)-5.4 G(*\\ \\*\\ \\*\\ \\ \\)-5.4 E (\\!\\"foo\\"\\! \\;\\ \\&\\ %\\ \\$')10.8 E -5.4<b427>108 217 S (foo \\`\\ \\\\\\ \\` dspfok foo r)5.4 E .36 LW 258.3 219.25 253.8 219.25 DL 259.2 219.25 254.7 219.25 DL(rr)259.2 217 Q F2 .21 (and press return.)72 234 R(Ev)4.71 E .21(erything e)-.135 F(xcept)-.135 E F1(foo.c)2.46 E F2 .21(will be deleted from the directory)2.46 F 4.71 (.I)-.585 G 2.461(fy)-4.71 G .211(ou do not w)-2.461 F .211 (ant to actually e)-.09 F .211(xpand the current)-.135 F -.09(wo)72 245 S(rd, b).09 E(ut w)-.18 E(ould lik)-.09 E 2.25(et)-.09 G 2.25(os)-2.25 G (ee what the matches are, type)-2.25 E F1(^Xg)2.25 E F2(.)A F1 5.4(%r) 108 262 S 5.4(mf)-5.4 G(*)-5.4 E F3(^Xg)A F1 16.2(foo foo.c)108 273 R 5.4(%r)108 284 S 5.4(mf)-5.4 G(*_)-5.4 E F2(Here')72 301 Q 2.25(sa)-.495 G(nother trick; let')-2.25 E 2.25(ss)-.495 G(ay you ha)-2.25 E .27 -.135 (ve t)-.18 H(yped this command in:).135 E F1 5.4(%g)108 318 S (cc -o x.out foob.c -g -Wpointer-arith -Wtrigraphs_)-5.4 E F2 .138 (and you for)72 335 R .138(get which library you w)-.162 F 2.388(ant. Y) -.09 F .138(ou need to escape out for a minute and check by typing)-.99 F F1 .137(ls /usr/lib)2.387 F F2 2.387(,o)C 2.387(rs)-2.387 G .137 (ome other)-2.387 F .117(such command; b)72 346 R .117(ut you don')-.18 F 2.367(tw)-.162 G .117(ant to retype the whole command ag)-2.457 F .117 (ain, and you can')-.045 F 2.367(tp)-.162 G .117(ress return no)-2.367 F 2.367(wb)-.225 G .117(ecause the current com-)-2.367 F .725 (mand is incomplete.)72 357 R(In)5.225 E F4(zsh)2.975 E F2 2.975(,y)C .725(ou can put the line on the)-2.975 F F3 -.18(bu)2.975 G -.162(ff).18 G .725(er stac).162 F(k)-.18 E F2 2.975(,u)C(sing)-2.975 E F3(ESC-Q) 2.975 E F2 2.975(,a)C .725(nd type some other commands.)-2.975 F .724 (The ne)5.224 F(xt)-.135 E .197(time a prompt is printed, the)72 368 R F1(gcc)2.447 E F2 .197(line will be popped of)2.447 F 2.447(ft)-.225 G .197(he stack and put in the editing b)-2.447 F(uf)-.18 E .198 (fer automatically; you can then enter)-.225 F (the proper library name and press return $or)72 379 Q(,)-.36 E F3 (ESC-Q)2.25 E F2(ag)2.25 E (ain and look for some other libraries whose names you for)-.045 E (got$.)-.162 E F0 3.129(As)72 394.6 S .629 (imilar situation: what if you for)-3.129 F .629 (get the option to gcc that \214nds b)-.18 F .628 (ugs using AI techniques?)-.2 F -1.1(Yo)5.628 G 3.128(uc)1.1 G .628 (ould either use)-3.128 F/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ESC-Q)72 406.6 Q F0 (ag)2.676 E .176(ain, and type)-.05 F/F6 10/Courier@0 SF .176(man gcc) 2.676 F F0 2.676(,o)C 2.676(ry)-2.676 G .176(ou could press)-2.676 F F5 (ESC-H)2.676 E F0 2.676(,w)C .176 (hich essentially does the same thing; it puts the cur)-2.676 F(-)-.2 E (rent line on the b)72 418.6 Q(uf)-.2 E(fer stack, and e)-.25 E -.15(xe) -.15 G(cutes the command).15 E F6(run-help gcc)2.5 E F0 2.5(,w)C(here) -2.5 E F6(run-help)2.5 E F0(is an alias for)2.5 E F6(man)2.5 E F0(.)A .335(Another interesting command is)72 434.2 R F5(ESC-A)2.835 E F0 5.335 (.T)C .335(his e)-5.335 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .335(cutes the current line, b) .15 F .335(ut retains it in the b)-.2 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 2.834(,s)-.4 G 2.834(ot)-2.834 G .334(hat it appears)-2.834 F(ag)72 446.2 Q .117 (ain when the ne)-.05 F .117(xt prompt is printed.)-.15 F .117 (Also, the cursor stays in the same place.)5.117 F .117 (This is useful for e)5.117 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .118(cuting a series).15 F (of similar commands:)72 458.2 Q F1 5.4(%c)108 475.2 S 5.4(cg)-5.4 G (rok.c -g -lc -lgl -lsun -lmalloc -Bstatic -o b.out)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 486.2 S 5.4(cf)-5.4 G (ubar.c -g -lc -lgl -lsun -lmalloc -Bstatic -o b.out)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 497.2 S 5.4(cf)-5.4 G (ooble.c -g -lc -lgl -lsun -lmalloc -Bstatic -o b.out)-5.4 E F0(The)72 518.8 Q F5(ESC-')2.5 E F0(command is useful for managing the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sq)-.55 G(uoting con)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.5(ntions. Let').15 F 2.5(ss)-.55 G(ay you w)-2.5 E(ant to print this string:)-.1 E F1 (don't do that; type 'rm -rf \\*', with a \\ before the *.)108 535.8 Q F2(All that is necessary is to type it into the editing b)72 552.8 Q(uf) -.18 E(fer:)-.225 E F1 5.4(%d)108 569.8 S (on't do that; type 'rm -rf \\*', with a \\ before the *.)-5.4 E F2 (press)72 586.8 Q F3(ESC-')2.25 E F2($escape-quote$:)2.25 E F1 5.4(%') 108 603.8 S (don'\\''t do that; type '\\''rm -rf \\*'\\'', with a \\ before the *.') -5.4 E F2(then mo)72 620.8 Q .27 -.135(ve t)-.135 H 2.25(ot).135 G (he be)-2.25 E(ginning and add the)-.135 E F1(echo)2.25 E F2(command.) 2.25 E F1 5.4(%e)108 637.8 S(cho 'don'\\''t do that; type '\\''rm -rf \ \\*'\\'', with a \\ before the *.')-5.4 E (don't do that; type 'rm -rf \\*', with a \\ before the *.)108 648.8 Q F2(Let')72 665.8 Q 3.169(ss)-.495 G .919(ay you w)-3.169 F .919 (ant to create an alias to do this)-.09 F F1(echo)3.169 E F2 3.169 (command. This)3.169 F .919(can be done by recalling the line with)3.169 F F3(^P)3.168 E F2 .918(and pressing)3.168 F F3(ESC-')72 676.8 Q F2(ag) 2.25 E(ain:)-.045 E F1 5.4(%')108 693.8 S (echo '\\''don'\\''\\'\\'''\\''t do that; type '\\''\\'\\'''\\''rm -rf) -5.4 E(\\*'\\''\\'\\'''\\'', with a \\ before the *.'\\''')108 704.8 Q F2(and then mo)72 721.8 Q .27 -.135(ve t)-.135 H 2.25(ot).135 G(he be) -2.25 E(ginning and add the command to create an alias.)-.135 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-22-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%a)108 83 S(lias zoof='echo '\\''don'\\''\\'\\'''\\''t do that; type '\\''\\'\\''\ '\\''rm)-5.4 E(-rf \\*'\\''\\'\\'''\\'', with a \\ before the *.'\\''') 108 94 Q 5.4(%z)108 105 S(oof)-5.4 E (don't do that; type 'rm -rf \\*', with a \\ before the *.)108 116 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .003(If one of these f)72 133 R(anc)-.09 E 2.253(ye) -.135 G .004(ditor commands changes your command line in a w)-2.253 F .004(ay you did not intend, you can undo changes with)-.09 F F1(^_)2.254 E F2 2.254(,i)C(f)-2.254 E(you can get it out of your k)72 144 Q -.135 (ey)-.09 G(board, or).135 E F1(^X^U)2.25 E F2 2.25(,o)C(therwise.)-2.25 E F0 .016(Another use of the editor is to edit the v)72 159.6 R .016 (alue of v)-.25 F 2.515(ariables. F)-.25 F .015(or e)-.15 F .015 (xample, an easy w)-.15 F .015(ay to change your path is to use the)-.1 F/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(vared)72 171.6 Q F0(command:)2.5 E F1 5.4(%v)108 188.6 S(ared PATH)-5.4 E 5.4(>/)108 199.6 S(u/pfalstad/scr:/u/pfalstad/\ bin/sun4:/u/maruchck/scr:/u/subbarao/bin:/u/maruc)-5.4 E(hck/bin:/u/sub\ barao/scripts:/usr/princeton/bin:/usr/ucb:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/host)108 210.6 Q(s:/usr/princeton/bin/X11:/./usr/lang:/./usr/etc:/./etc)108 221.6 Q F2 -.99(Yo)72 238.6 S 2.25(uc).99 G(an no)-2.25 E 2.25(we)-.225 G (dit the path.)-2.25 E (When you press return, the contents of the edit b)4.5 E(uf)-.18 E (fer will be assigned to)-.225 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.25 G (TH)-.189 E F2(.)A/F5 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Completion)72 262.6 Q F0 .965 (Another great)72 278.2 R F5(zsh)3.465 E F0 .965(feature is completion.) 3.465 F .965(If you hit)5.965 F/F6 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5(TA)3.465 G (B).5 E F0(,)A F5(zsh)3.465 E F0 .965(will complete all kinds of stuf) 3.465 F 3.466(f. Lik)-.25 F 3.466(ec)-.1 G .966(ommands or)-3.466 F (\214lenames:)72 290.2 Q F1 5.4(%c)108 307.2 S(omp)-5.4 E/F7 9 /Times-Italic@0 SF -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%c)108 318.2 S(ompress _) -5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 340.2 S 5.4(sn)-5.4 G(ic)-5.4 E F7 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 351.2 S 5.4(sn)-5.4 G(icecolors _)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 373.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(usr/pr)-5.4 E F7 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 384.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(usr/princeton/_)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 406.2 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l=)-5.4 G(com)-5.4 E F7 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 417.2 S 5.4 (s-)-5.4 G 5.4(l=)-5.4 G(compress _)-5.4 E F2 .506 (If the completion is ambiguous, the editor will beep.)72 434.2 R .505 (If you \214nd this anno)5.005 F .505(ying, you can set the)-.09 F F7 (NOLISTBEEP)2.755 E F2 2.755(option. Comple-)2.755 F(tion can e)72 445.2 Q -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.25(nb).135 G 2.25(ed)-2.25 G (one in the middle of w)-2.25 E 2.25(ords. T)-.09 F 2.25(ou)-.72 G (se this, you will ha)-2.25 E .27 -.135(ve t)-.18 H 2.25(os).135 G (et the)-2.25 E F7(COMPLETEINW)2.25 E(ORD)-.225 E F2(option:)2.25 E F1 5.4(%s)108 462.2 S(etopt completeinword)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 473.2 S 5.4 (s/)-5.4 G(usr/pt)-5.4 E .36 LW 171.9 475.45 167.4 475.45 DL 172.8 475.45 168.3 475.45 DL(on)172.8 473.2 Q F7 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l) 108 484.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(usr/princet)-5.4 E 198.9 486.45 194.4 486.45 DL 199.8 486.45 195.3 486.45 DL(on/)199.8 484.2 Q 5.4(%s)108 495.2 S (etopt alwaystoend)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 506.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(usr/pt)-5.4 E 171.9 508.45 167.4 508.45 DL 172.8 508.45 168.3 508.45 DL(on)172.8 506.2 Q F7 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 517.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G (usr/princeton/_)-5.4 E F2 -.99(Yo)72 534.2 S 2.25(uc).99 G (an list possible completions by pressing)-2.25 E F7(^D)2.25 E F2(:)A F1 5.4(%l)108 551.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmu)-5.4 E F7 -.45(TA)C 4.5<428a>.45 G (beep\212)-4.5 E F1 5.4(%l)108 562.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix_)-5.4 E 5.4 (%l)108 573.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix)-5.4 E F7(^D)A F1 102.6 (vmunix vmunix.old)108 584.2 R 5.4(vmunix.new.kernelmap.old vmunix.org) 108 595.2 R F2(Or)72 612.2 Q 2.25(,y)-.36 G(ou could just set the)-2.25 E F7 -.45(AU)2.25 G -.162(TO).45 G(LIST).162 E F2(option:)2.25 E F1 5.4 (%s)108 629.2 S(etopt autolist)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 640.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G (vmu)-5.4 E F7 -.45(TA)C 4.5<428a>.45 G(beep\212)-4.5 E F1 102.6 (vmunix vmunix.old)108 651.2 R 5.4(vmunix.new.kernelmap.old vmunix.org) 108 662.2 R 5.4(%l)108 673.2 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix_)-5.4 E F2 .063 (If you lik)72 690.2 R 2.313(et)-.09 G 2.313(os)-2.313 G .063 (ee the types of the \214les in these lists, lik)-2.313 F 2.313(ei)-.09 G(n)-2.313 E F1(ls -F)2.313 E F2 2.314(,y)C .064(ou can set the)-2.314 F F7(LISTTYPES)2.314 E F2 2.314(option. T)2.314 F .064(ogether with)-.72 F F7 -.45(AU)2.314 G -.162(TO).45 G(LIST).162 E F2(you can use)72 701.2 Q F7(LIST)2.25 E(AMBIGUOUS)-.45 E F2 4.5(.T)C(his will only list the poss\ ibilities if there is no unambiguous part to add:)-4.5 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-23-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%s)108 83 S(etopt listambiguous)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 94 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmu)-5.4 E/F2 9/Times-Italic@0 SF -.45(TA)C 4.5<428a>.45 G(beep\212)-4.5 E F1 5.4(%l) 108 105 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix_)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C 4.5<428a>.45 G (beep\212)-4.5 E F1 102.6(vmunix vmunix.old)108 116 R 5.4 (vmunix.new.kernelmap.old vmunix.org)108 127 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .562(If you don')72 144 R 2.812(tw)-.162 G .562(ant se)-2.902 F -.135 (ve)-.225 G .562 (ral of these listings to scroll the screen so much, the).135 F F2(AL) 2.811 E -1.665 -.54(WA Y)-.495 H(SLASTPR).54 E(OMPT)-.36 E F3 .561 (option is useful.)2.811 F .561(If set, you)5.061 F(can continue to edi\ t the line you were editing, with the completion listing appearing bene\ ath it.)72 155 Q F0 1.298(Another interesting option is)72 170.6 R/F4 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(MENUCOMPLETE)3.798 E F0 6.298(.T)C 1.299(his af) -6.298 F 1.299(fects the w)-.25 F(ay)-.1 E F4 -.5(TA)3.799 G(B).5 E F0 -.1(wo)3.799 G 3.799(rks. Let').1 F 3.799(sl)-.55 G 1.299(ook at the) -3.799 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(/vmunix)3.799 E F0 -.15(ex)72 182.6 S (ample ag).15 E(ain:)-.05 E F1 5.4(%s)108 199.6 S(etopt menucomplete) -5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 210.6 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmu)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 221.6 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 232.6 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix.new.kernelmap.old)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 243.6 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmunix.old_)-5.4 E F3 .472(Each time you press)72 260.6 R F2 -.45(TA)2.721 G(B).45 E F3 2.721(,i)C 2.721(td)-2.721 G .471(isplays the ne)-2.721 F .471 (xt possible completion.)-.135 F .471(In this w)4.971 F(ay)-.09 E 2.721 (,y)-.585 G .471(ou can c)-2.721 F .471 (ycle through the possible completions)-.135 F (until you \214nd the one you w)72 271.6 Q(ant.)-.09 E F0(The)72 287.2 Q F4 -.5(AU)3.096 G -.18(TO).5 G(MENU).18 E F0 .597(option mak)3.096 F .597(es a nice compromise between this method of completion and the re) -.1 F .597(gular method.)-.15 F(If)5.597 E .691 (you set this option, pressing)72 299.2 R F4 -.5(TA)3.191 G(B).5 E F0 .691(once completes the unambiguous part normally)3.191 F 3.19(,p)-.65 G .69(ressing the)-3.19 F F4 -.5(TA)3.19 G(B).5 E F0 -.1(ke)3.19 G 3.19 (yr)-.05 G(epeatedly)-3.19 E(after an ambiguous completion will c)72 311.2 Q(ycle through the possible completions.)-.15 E .105 (Another option you could set is)72 326.8 R F4(RECEXA)2.605 E(CT)-.3 E F0 2.605(,w)C .105(hich causes e)-2.605 F .105 (xact matches to be accepted, e)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.606(ni).15 G 2.606(ft)-2.606 G .106(here are other pos-)-2.606 F(sible completions:) 72 338.8 Q F1 5.4(%s)108 355.8 S(etopt recexact)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 366.8 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(vmu)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C 4.5<428a>.45 G(beep\212)-4.5 E F1 102.6(vmunix vmunix.old)108 377.8 R 5.4 (vmunix.new.kernelmap.old vmunix.org)108 388.8 R 5.4(%l)108 399.8 S 5.4 (s/)-5.4 G(vmunix_)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 410.8 S 5.4 (s/)-5.4 G(vmunix _)-5.4 E F3 2.128 -.72(To f)72 427.8 T .687 (acilitate the typing of pathnames, a slash will be added whene).63 F -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.937(rad).135 G .687(irectory is completed.)-2.937 F .687(Some computers don')5.187 F 2.937(tl)-.162 G(ik)-2.937 E 2.937(et) -.09 G(he)-2.937 E .547(spurious slashes at the end of directory names.) 72 438.8 R .548(In that case, the)5.047 F F2 -.45(AU)2.798 G -.162(TO) .45 G(REMO).162 E(VESLASH)-.45 E F3 .548(option comes to rescue.)2.798 F .548(It will remo)5.048 F -.135(ve)-.135 G (these slashes when you type a space or return after them.)72 449.8 Q F0 (The)72 465.4 Q F4(\214gnor)2.5 E(e)-.37 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G (riable lists suf).25 E<8c78>-.25 E (es of \214les to ignore during completion.)-.15 E F1 5.4(%l)108 482.4 S 5.4(sf)-5.4 G(oo)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C 4.5<428a>.45 G(beep\212)-4.5 E F1 5.4(foofile.c foofile.o)108 493.4 R 5.4(%f)108 504.4 S (ignore=$ .o \\~ .bak .junk $)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 515.4 S 5.4(sf)-5.4 G (oo)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 526.4 S 5.4(sf)-5.4 G (oofile.c _)-5.4 E F3(Since)72 543.4 Q F1(foofile.o)2.25 E F3(has a suf) 2.25 E(\214x that is in the)-.225 E F1(fignore)2.25 E F3(list, it w)2.25 E(as not considered a possible completion of)-.09 E F1(foo)2.25 E F3(.)A F0(Username completion is also supported:)72 559 Q F1 5.4(%l)108 576 S 5.4(s~)-5.4 G(pfal)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 587 S 5.4 (s~)-5.4 G(pfalstad/_)-5.4 E F3(and parameter name completion:)72 604 Q F1 5.4(%e)108 621 S(cho $ORG)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%e)108 632 S(cho $ORGANIZATION _)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 643 S(cho ${ORG)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%e)108 654 S(cho ${ORGANIZATION _)-5.4 E F3 .195(Note that in the last e)72 671 R .194 (xample a space is added after the completion as usual.)-.135 F .194 (But if you w)4.694 F .194(ant to add a colon or closing brace, you)-.09 F .59(probably don')72 682 R 2.84(tw)-.162 G .59(ant this e)-2.93 F .59 (xtra space.)-.135 F .59(Setting the)5.09 F F2 -.45(AU)2.84 G -.162(TO) .45 G -.81(PA).162 G(RAMKEYS).81 E F3 .59 (option will automatically remo)2.84 F .86 -.135(ve t)-.135 H .59 (his space if you type a).135 F (colon or closing brace after such a completion.)72 693 Q F0 (There is also option completion:)72 708.6 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-24-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%s)108 83 S(etopt nocl)-5.4 E/F2 9/Times-Italic@0 SF -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%s) 108 94 S(etopt noclobber _)-5.4 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (and binding completion:)72 111 Q F1 5.4(%b)108 128 S(indkey '^X^X' pu) -5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%b)108 139 S (indkey '^X^X' push-line _)-5.4 E F3(The)72 156 Q F1(compctl)2.402 E F3 .151(command is used to control completion of the ar)2.402 F .151 (guments of speci\214c commands.)-.162 F -.135(Fo)4.651 G 2.401(re).135 G .151(xample, to specify that cer)-2.536 F(-)-.18 E(tain commands tak) 72 167 Q 2.25(eo)-.09 G(ther commands as ar)-2.25 E(guments, you use) -.162 E F1(compctl -c)2.25 E F3(:)A F1 5.4(%c)108 184 S (ompctl -c man nohup)-5.4 E 5.4(%m)108 195 S(an upt)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C (B).45 E F1 5.4(%m)108 206 S(an uptime _)-5.4 E F3 1.982 -.72(To s)72 223 T .542 (pecify that a command should complete \214lenames, you should use).72 F F1 .543(compctl -f)2.793 F F3 5.043(.T)C .543(his is the def)-5.043 F 2.793(ault. It)-.09 F .543(can be combined)2.793 F(with)72 234 Q F1(-c) 2.25 E F3 2.25(,a)C 2.25(sw)-2.25 G(ell.)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%c)108 251 S (ompctl -cf echo)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 262 S(cho upt)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B) .45 E F1 5.4(%e)108 273 S(cho uptime _)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 295 S(cho fo) -5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%e)108 306 S(cho foo.c)-5.4 E F3 (Similarly)72 323 Q 2.25(,u)-.585 G(se)-2.25 E F1(-o)2.25 E F3 (to specify options,)2.25 E F1(-v)2.25 E F3(to specify v)2.25 E (ariables, and)-.225 E F1(-b)2.25 E F3(to specify bindings.)2.25 E F1 5.4(%c)108 340 S(ompctl -o setopt unsetopt)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 351 S (ompctl -v typeset vared unset export)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 362 S (ompctl -b bindkey)-5.4 E F3 -.99(Yo)72 379 S 2.3(uc).99 G .05 (an also use)-2.3 F F1(-k)2.3 E F3 .05(to specify a custom list of k)2.3 F -.135(ey)-.09 G -.09(wo).135 G .05(rds to use in completion.).09 F .049(After the)4.549 F F1(-k)2.299 E F3 .049 (comes either the name of an array or)2.299 F 2.25(al)72 390 S (iteral array to tak)-2.25 E 2.25(ec)-.09 G(ompletions from.)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%f)108 407 S(tphosts=$ftp.uu.net wuarchive.wustl.edu$)-5.4 E 5.4 (%c)108 418 S(ompctl -k ftphosts ftp)-5.4 E 5.4(%f)108 429 S(tp wu)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%f)108 440 S(tp wuarchive.wustl.edu _)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 462 S (ompctl -k '$cpirazzi subbarao sukthnkr$' mail finger)-5.4 E 5.4(%f) 108 473 S(inger cp)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%f)108 484 S (inger cpirazzi _)-5.4 E F3 1.549 -.72(To b)72 501 T .109 (etter specify the \214les to complete for a command, use the).72 F F1 (-g)2.359 E F3 .11(option which tak)2.36 F .11(es an)-.09 F 2.36(yg) -.135 G .11(lob pattern as an ar)-2.36 F 2.36(gument. Be)-.162 F .11 (sure to)2.36 F(quote the glob patterns as otherwise the)72 512 Q 2.25 (yw)-.135 G(ill be e)-2.25 E(xpanded when the)-.135 E F1(compctl)2.25 E F3(command is run.)2.25 E F1 5.4(%l)108 529 S(s)-5.4 E 5.4 (letter.tex letter.dvi letter.aux letter.log letter.toc)108 540 R 5.4 (%c)108 551 S(ompctl -g '*.tex' latex)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 562 S (ompctl -g '*.dvi' xdvi dvips)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 573 S(atex l)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%l)108 584 S(atex letter.tex _)-5.4 E 5.4(%x) 108 595 S(dvi l)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%x)108 606 S (dvi letter.dvi _)-5.4 E F3 .238 (Glob patterns can include quali\214ers within parentheses.)72 623 R 1.678 -.72(To r)4.738 H .237 (mdir only directories and cd to directories and symbolic links point-) .72 F(ing to them:)72 634 Q F1 5.4(%c)108 651 S(ompctl -g '*$-/$' cd) -5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 662 S(ompctl -g '*$/$' rmdir)-5.4 E F3 .061 (RCS users lik)72 679 R 2.311(et)-.09 G 2.312(or)-2.311 G .062 (un commands on \214les which are not in the current directory)-2.312 F 2.312(,b)-.585 G .062(ut in the RCS subdirectory where the)-2.492 F 2.312(ya)-.135 G .062(ll get)-2.312 F F1(,v)2.312 E F3(suf)72 690 Q <8c78>-.225 E 2.25(es. The)-.135 F 2.25(ym)-.135 G(ight lik)-2.25 E 2.25 (et)-.09 G 2.25(ou)-2.25 G(se)-2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 25 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-25-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%c)108 83 S(ompctl -g 'RCS/*$:t:s/\\,v//$' co rlog rcs)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 94 S 5.4(sR)-5.4 G(CS)-5.4 E 5.4(builtin.c,v lex.c,v)108 105 R(zle_main.c,v) 32.4 E 5.4(%r)108 116 S(log bu)-5.4 E/F2 9/Times-Italic@0 SF -.45(TA)C (B).45 E F1 5.4(%r)108 127 S(log builtin.c _)-5.4 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)72 144 Q F1(:t)2.25 E F3(modi\214er k)2.25 E (eeps only the last part of the pathname and the)-.09 E F1(:s/\\,v//) 2.25 E F3(will replace an)2.25 E(y)-.135 E F1(,v)2.25 E F3(by nothing.) 2.25 E F0(The)72 159.6 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(-s)2.538 E F0 .038 (\215ag is similar to)2.538 F F4(-g)2.538 E F0 2.538(,b)C .038 (ut it uses all e)-2.738 F .037 (xpansions, instead of just globbing, lik)-.15 F 2.537(eb)-.1 G .037 (race e)-2.537 F .037(xpansion, parameter sub-)-.15 F (stitution and command substitution.)72 171.6 Q F1 5.4(%c)108 188.6 S (ompctl -s '$$setopt$' unsetopt)-5.4 E F3 (will only complete options which are actually set to be ar)72 205.6 Q (guments to)-.162 E F1(unsetopt)2.25 E F3(.)A F0 .215 (Sometimes a command tak)72 221.2 R .215(es another command as its ar) -.1 F 2.715(gument. Y)-.18 F .215(ou can tell)-1.1 F/F5 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.715 E F0 .215(to complete commands as the \214rst)2.715 F(ar)72 233.2 Q .09(gument to such a command and then use the completion method\ of the second command.)-.18 F(The)5.089 E F4(-l)2.589 E F0 .089 (\215ag with a null-)2.589 F(string ar)72 245.2 Q (gument is used for this.)-.18 E F1 5.4(%c)108 262.2 S (ompctl -l '' nohup exec)-5.4 E 5.4(%n)108 273.2 S(ohup comp)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%n)108 284.2 S(ohup compress _)-5.4 E 5.4(%n) 108 295.2 S(ohup compress fil)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%n)108 306.2 S(ohup compress filename _)-5.4 E F3 .708(Sometimes you w)72 323.2 R .708(ould lik)-.09 F 2.958(et)-.09 G 2.958(or)-2.958 G .708(un really\ complicated commands to \214nd out what the possible completions are.) -2.958 F 2.149 -.72(To d)5.209 H 2.959(ot).72 G .709(his, you)-2.959 F .05(can specify a shell function to be called that will assign the poss\ ible completions to a v)72 334.2 R .05(ariable called reply)-.225 F 4.55 (.N)-.585 G .049(ote that this v)-4.55 F(ariable)-.225 E (must be an array)72 345.2 Q 4.5(.H)-.585 G(ere')-4.5 E 2.25(sa)-.495 G (nother $much slo)-2.25 E(wer$ w)-.225 E (ay to get the completions for)-.09 E F1(co)2.25 E F3(and friends:)2.25 E F1 5.4(%f)108 362.2 S(unction getrcs {)-5.4 E 5.4(>r)108 373.2 S (eply=)-5.4 E 5.4(>f)108 384.2 S(or i in RCS/*)-5.4 E 16.2(>d)108 395.2 S(o)-16.2 E 16.2(>r)108 406.2 S (eply=$$reply[*] $\(basename $i ,v$\))-16.2 E 16.2(>d)108 417.2 S(one) -16.2 E 5.4(>})108 428.2 S 5.4(%c)108 439.2 S (ompctl -K getrcs co rlog rcs)-5.4 E F3 .161(Some command ar)72 456.2 R .161 (guments use a pre\214x that is not a part of the things to complete.) -.162 F .162(The kill b)4.662 F .162(uiltin command tak)-.18 F .162 (es a signal name)-.09 F(after a)72 467.2 Q F1(-)2.25 E F3 4.5(.T)C 2.25 (om)-5.22 G(ak)-2.25 E 2.25(es)-.09 G (uch a pre\214x be ignored in the completion process, you can use the) -2.25 E F1(-P)2.25 E F3(\215ag.)2.25 E F1 5.4(%c)108 484.2 S (ompctl -P - -k signals kill)-5.4 E 5.4(%k)108 495.2 S(ill -H)-5.4 E F2 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F1 5.4(%k)108 506.2 S(ill -HUP _)-5.4 E F3 -.63(Te)72 523.2 S 2.629(Xi).63 G 2.629(su)-2.629 G .379 (sually run on \214les ending in)-2.629 F F1(.tex)2.629 E F3 2.629(,b)C .379(ut also sometimes on other \214les.)-2.809 F .379(It is some)4.879 F .379(what anno)-.225 F .378(ying to specify that the ar)-.09 F(gu-) -.162 E 1.167(ments of T)72 534.2 R 1.167(eX should end in)-.63 F F1 (.tex)3.417 E F3 1.168 (and then not be able to complete these other \214les.)3.417 F 1.168 (Therefore you can specify things lik)5.668 F(e)-.09 E (\231Complete to \214les ending in)72 545.2 Q F1(.tex)2.25 E F3(if a) 2.25 E -.225(va)-.18 G(ilable, otherwise complete to an).225 E 2.25 <798c>-.135 G(lename.)-2.25 E 2.25(\232. This)-.63 F(is done with)2.25 E F2(xor)2.25 E F3(ed completion:)A F1 5.4(%c)108 562.2 S (ompctl -g '*.tex' + -f tex)-5.4 E F3(The)72 579.2 Q F1(+)2.939 E F3 .688(tells the editor to only tak)2.939 F 2.938(et)-.09 G .688(he ne) -2.938 F .688(xt thing into account if the current one doesn')-.135 F 2.938(tg)-.162 G .688(enerate an)-2.938 F 2.938(ym)-.135 G 2.938 (atches. If)-2.938 F .688(you ha)2.938 F .958 -.135(ve n)-.18 H(ot).135 E(changed the def)72 590.2 Q(ault completion, the abo)-.09 E .27 -.135 (ve ex)-.135 H(ample is in f).135 E(act equi)-.09 E -.225(va)-.225 G (lent to).225 E F1 5.4(%c)108 607.2 S(ompctl -g '*.tex' + tex)-5.4 E F3 .567(as a lone)72 624.2 R F1(+)2.817 E F3 .567(at the end is equi)2.817 F -.225(va)-.225 G .567(lent to specifying the def).225 F .567 (ault completion after the)-.09 F F1(+)2.818 E F3 5.068(.T)C .568 (his form of completion is also frequently)-5.068 F .633(used if you w) 72 635.2 R .632 (ant to run some command only on a certain type of \214les, b)-.09 F .632(ut not necessarily in the current directory)-.18 F 5.132(.I)-.585 G 2.882(nt)-5.132 G .632(his case)-2.882 F(you will w)72 646.2 Q (ant to complete both \214les of this type and directories.)-.09 E (Depending on your preferences you can use either of)4.5 E F1 5.4(%c)108 663.2 S(ompctl -g '*.ps' + -g '*$-/$' ghostview)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 674.2 S(ompctl -g '*.ps *$-/$' ghostview)-5.4 E F3 .963(where the \ \214rst one will only complete directories $and symbolic links pointin\ g to directories$ if no postscript \214le matches the)72 691.2 R (already typed part of the ar)72 702.2 Q(gument.)-.162 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-26-)297.67 48 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF (Extended completion)72 84 Q F0 .945 (If you play with completion, you will soon notice that you w)72 99.6 R .945(ould lik)-.1 F 3.445(et)-.1 G 3.445(os)-3.445 G .944 (pecify what to complete, depending on)-3.445 F .402 (what \215ags you gi)72 111.6 R .702 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.902(ot).15 G .402(he command and where you are on the command line.)-2.902 F -.15(Fo) 5.402 G 2.902(re).15 G .402(xample, a command could tak)-3.052 F(e)-.1 E (an)72 123.6 Q 3.319<798c>-.15 G .819(lename ar)-3.319 F .819 (gument after a)-.18 F/F2 10/Courier@0 SF(-f)3.319 E F0 .819 (\215ag, a username after a)3.319 F F2(-u)3.319 E F0 .818 (\215ag and an e)3.319 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .818(cutable after a).15 F F2 (-x)3.318 E F0 3.318(\215ag. This)3.318 F(section)3.318 E .057 (will introduce you to the w)72 135.6 R .057 (ays to specify these things.)-.1 F 1.657 -.8(To m)5.057 H(an).8 E 2.557 (yp)-.15 G .057(eople it seems rather dif)-2.557 F .057 (\214cult at \214rst, b)-.25 F .058(ut taking the)-.2 F .77 (trouble to understand it can sa)72 147.6 R 1.07 -.15(ve y)-.2 H .77 (ou lots of typing in the end.).15 F(Ev)5.769 E .769(en I k)-.15 F .769 (eep being surprised when)-.1 F F1(zsh)3.269 E F0 .769(manages to)3.269 F(complete a small or e)72 159.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ne).15 G (mpty pre\214x to the right \214le in a lar)-2.5 E(ge directory)-.18 E (.)-.65 E 2.389 -.8(To t)72 175.2 T(ell).8 E F1(zsh)3.289 E F0 .789 (about these kinds of completion, you use \231e)3.289 F .79 (xtended completion\232 by specifying the)-.15 F F2(-x)3.29 E F0 .79 (\215ag to compctl.)3.29 F(The)72 187.2 Q F2(-x)3.352 E F0 .851 (\215ag tak)3.351 F .851(es a list of patterns/\215ags pairs.)-.1 F .851 (The patterns specify when to complete and the \215ags specify what.) 5.851 F(The \215ags are simply those mentioned abo)72 199.2 Q -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.5(,l).15 G(ik)-2.5 E(e)-.1 E F2(-f)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F2(-g)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(glob pattern)6 E F0(.)A .507(As an e)72 214.8 R .507(xample, the)-.15 F F2(r[)3.007 E F3(string1)A F2(,)A F3(string2)A F2(])A F0 .508 (pattern matches if the cursor is after something that starts with)3.007 F F3(string1)3.008 E F0(and)3.008 E .362 (before something that starts with)72 226.8 R F3(string2)2.862 E F0 5.362(.T)C(he)-5.362 E F3(string2)2.862 E F0 .361 (is often something that you do not w)2.862 F .361(ant to match an)-.1 F .361(ything at)-.15 F(all.)72 238.8 Q/F4 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l)108 255.8 S(s)-5.4 E 10.8(foo1 bar1 foo.Z)108 266.8 R(bar.Z)10.8 E 5.4(%c)108 277.8 S(ompctl -g '^*.Z' -x 'r[-d,---]' -g '*.Z' -- compress)-5.4 E 5.4 (%c)108 288.8 S(ompress f)-5.4 E/F5 9/Times-Italic@0 SF -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F4 5.4(%c)108 299.8 S(ompress foo1 _)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 310.8 S (ompress -d f)-5.4 E F5 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F4 5.4(%c)108 321.8 S (ompress -d foo.Z _)-5.4 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF .501(In the abo)72 338.8 R .771 -.135(ve ex)-.135 H .501(ample, if the cursor is after the) .135 F F4(-d)2.751 E F6 .501(the pattern will match and therefore)2.751 F/F7 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.751 E F6 .501(uses the)2.751 F F4 .501 (-g *.Z)2.751 F F6 .502(\215ag that will only)2.751 F .265 (complete \214les ending in)72 349.8 R F4(.Z)2.514 E F6 4.764(.O)C .264 (therwise, if no pattern matches, it will use the \215ags before the) -4.764 F F4(-x)2.514 E F6 .264(and in this case complete e)2.514 F -.135 (ve)-.225 G(ry).135 E(\214le that does not end in)72 360.8 Q F4(.Z)2.25 E F6(.)A F0(The)72 376.4 Q F2(s[)2.674 E F3(string)A F2(])A F0 .174 (pattern matches if the current w)2.674 F .174(ord starts with)-.1 F F3 (string)2.674 E F0 5.174(.T)C(he)-5.174 E F3(string)2.674 E F0 .174 (itself is not considered to be part of)2.674 F(the completion.)72 388.4 Q F4 5.4(%c)108 405.4 S(ompctl -x 's[-]' -k signals -- kill)-5.4 E 5.4 (%k)108 416.4 S(ill -H)-5.4 E F5 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F4 5.4(%k)108 427.4 S (ill -HUP _)-5.4 E F6(The)72 444.4 Q F4(tar)2.408 E F6 .158(command tak) 2.408 F .158(es a tar \214le as an ar)-.09 F .158(gument after the)-.162 F F4(-f)2.407 E F6 2.407(option. The)2.407 F F4(c[)2.407 E F5(of)A(fset) -.162 E F4(,)A F5(string)A F4(])A F6 .157(pattern matches if the w)2.407 F .157(ord in posi-)-.09 F(tion)72 455.4 Q F5(of)2.644 E(fset)-.162 E F6 (relati)2.644 E .664 -.135(ve t)-.225 H 2.645(ot).135 G .395 (he current w)-2.645 F .395(ord is)-.09 F F5(string)2.645 E F6 4.895(.M) C .395(ore in particular)-4.895 F 2.645(,i)-.36 G(f)-2.645 E F5(of)2.645 E(fset)-.162 E F6 .395(is -1, it matches if the pre)2.645 F .395 (vious w)-.225 F .395(ord is)-.09 F F5(string)2.645 E F6 4.895(.T)C(his) -4.895 E(suggests)72 466.4 Q F4 5.4(%c)108 483.4 S (ompctl -f -x 'c[-1,-f]' -g '*.tar' -- tar)-5.4 E F6 .187 (But this is not enough.)72 500.4 R(The)4.687 E F4(-f)2.437 E F6 .187 (option could be the last of a longer string of options.)2.437 F F4(C[) 4.687 E F6(...)A F4(,)A F6(...)A F4(])A F6 .186(is just lik)2.436 F(e) -.09 E F4(c[)2.436 E F6(...)A F4(,)A F6(...)A F4(])A F6 2.436(,e)C .186 (xcept that)-2.571 F(it uses glob-lik)72 511.4 Q 2.25(ep)-.09 G (attern matching for)-2.25 E F5(string)2.25 E F6 4.5(.S)C(o)-4.5 E F4 5.4(%c)108 528.4 S(ompctl -f -x 'C[-1,-*f]' -g '*.tar' -- tar)-5.4 E F6 .122(will complete tar \214les after an)72 545.4 R 2.372(yo)-.135 G .123 (ption string ending in an)-2.372 F F4(f)2.373 E F6 4.623(.B)C .123 (ut we')-4.623 F 2.373(dl)-.45 G(ik)-2.373 E 2.373(ee)-.09 G -.135(ve) -2.598 G 2.373(nm).135 G 2.373(ore. Old)-2.373 F -.135(ve)2.373 G .123 (rsions of tar used all options as the).135 F .091(\214rst ar)72 556.4 R .091(gument, b)-.162 F .091(ut without the minus sign.)-.18 F .091 (This might be inconsistent with option usage in all other commands, b) 4.591 F .09(ut it is still sup-)-.18 F .534(ported by ne)72 567.4 R .534 (wer v)-.225 F .534(ersions of)-.135 F F4(tar)2.784 E F6 5.034(.S)C 2.784(ow)-5.034 G 2.784(ew)-2.784 G .534(ould also lik)-2.874 F 2.785 (et)-.09 G 2.785(oc)-2.785 G .535(omplete tar \214les if the \214rst ar) -2.785 F .535(gument ends in an)-.162 F F4(f)2.785 E F6 .535(and we') 2.785 F .535(re right)-.45 F(behind it.)72 578.4 Q F0 2.718 -.8(We c)72 594 T 1.118(an `and' patterns by putting them ne).8 F 1.118 (xt to each other with a space between them.)-.15 F 2.717 -.8(We c)6.117 H 1.117(an `or' these sets by).8 F .321(putting comma')72 606 R 2.821 (sb)-.55 G .321(etween them.)-2.821 F 1.921 -.8(We w)5.321 H .321 (ill also need some ne).8 F 2.821(wp)-.25 G(atterns.)-2.821 E F2(p[) 5.321 E F3(num)A F2(])A F0 .322(will match if the current ar)2.821 F (gument)-.18 E 1.542($the one to be completed$ is the)72 618 R F3(num) 4.042 E F0 1.542(th ar)B(gument.)-.18 E F2(W[)6.542 E F3(inde)A(x)-.2 E F2(,)A F3(pattern)A F2(])A F0 1.542(will match if the ar)4.042 F 1.541 (gument in place)-.18 F F3(inde)4.041 E(x)-.2 E F0(matches the)72 630 Q F3(pattern)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(his gi)-5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(su).15 G(s) -2.5 E F4 5.4(%c)108 647 S (ompctl -f -x 'C[-1,-*f] , W[1,*f] p[2]' -g '*.tar' -- tar)-5.4 E F6 .245(In w)72 664 R .245(ords: If the pre)-.09 F .245(vious ar)-.225 F .245(gument is an option string that ends in an)-.162 F F4(f)2.495 E F6 2.495(,o)C 2.495(rt)-2.495 G .245(he \214rst ar)-2.495 F .245 (gument ended in an)-.162 F F4(f)2.496 E F6 .246(and it is no)2.496 F 2.496(wt)-.225 G .246(he sec-)-2.496 F(ond ar)72 675 Q (gument, then complete only \214lenames ending in)-.162 E F4(.tar)2.25 E F6(.)A F0 .863(All the abo)72 690.6 R 1.163 -.15(ve ex)-.15 H .863 (amples used only one set of patterns with one completion \215ag.).15 F -1.1(Yo)5.862 G 3.362(uc)1.1 G .862(an use se)-3.362 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .862(ral of these pat-).15 F .756(tern/\215ag pairs separated by a)72 702.6 R F2(-)3.256 E F0 5.756(.T)C .756 (he \214rst matching pattern will be used.)-5.756 F .756(Suppose you ha) 5.756 F 1.056 -.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .756(rsion of).15 F F2(tar)3.256 E F0 (that)3.256 E .808(supports compressed \214les by using a)72 714.6 R F2 (-Z)3.308 E F0 3.308(option. Lea)3.308 F .808 (ving the old tar syntax aside for a moment, we w)-.2 F .808(ould lik) -.1 F 3.308(et)-.1 G(o)-3.308 E .022(complete \214les ending in)72 726.6 R F2(.tar.Z)2.523 E F0 .023(if a)2.523 F F2(-Z)2.523 E F0 .023 (option has been used and \214les ending in)2.523 F F2(.tar)2.523 E F0 .023(otherwise, all this only after)2.523 F 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-27-)297.67 48 Q(a)72 84 Q/F1 10/Courier@0 SF (-f)2.839 E F0 2.839(\215ag. Ag)2.839 F .339(ain, the)-.05 F F1(-Z)2.839 E F0 .338(can be alone or it can be part of a longer option string, per\ haps the same as that of the)2.839 F F1(-f)2.838 E F0 3.316 (\215ag. Here')72 96 R 3.316(sh)-.55 G 1.316 -.25(ow t)-3.316 H 3.316 (od).25 G 3.316(oi)-3.316 G .816(t; note the backslash and the secondar\ y prompt which are not part of the)-3.316 F F1(compctl)3.316 E F0(com-) 3.316 E(mand.)72 108 Q/F2 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%c)108 125 S (ompctl -f -x 'C[-1,-*Z*f] , R[-*Z*,---] C[-1,-*f]' -g '*.tar.Z' - \\) -5.4 E 5.4(>')108 136 S(C[-1,-*f]' -g '*.tar' -- tar)-5.4 E/F3 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF .799 (The \214rst pattern set tells us to match if either the pre)72 153 R .799(vious ar)-.225 F .799(gument w)-.162 F .799 (as an option string including a)-.09 F F2(Z)3.049 E F3 .798 (and ending in an)3.049 F F2(f)3.048 E F3(or)3.048 E .072(there w)72 164 R .072(as an option string with a)-.09 F F2(Z)2.322 E F3(some)2.322 E .072(where and the pre)-.225 F .072(vious w)-.225 F .072(ord w)-.09 F .072(as an)-.09 F 2.322(yo)-.135 G .072(ption string ending in an)-2.322 F F2(f)2.322 E F3 4.572(.I)C 2.322(ft)-4.572 G .072(his is the case, we) -2.322 F .582(need a compressed tar \214le.)72 175 R .581(Only if this \ is not the case the second pattern set will be considered.)5.082 F .581 (By the w)5.081 F(ay)-.09 E(,)-.585 E F2(R[)2.831 E/F4 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(pattern1)A F2(,)A F4(pat-)A(tern2)72 186 Q F2(])A F3(is just lik)2.25 E(e)-.09 E F2(r[)2.25 E F3(...)A F2(,)A F3(...)A F2(])A F3 -.135(ex)2.25 G(cept that it uses pattern matching with shell metacharacters instead \ of just strings.).135 E F0 -1.1(Yo)72 201.6 S 2.828(uw)1.1 G .328 (ill ha)-2.828 F .628 -.15(ve n)-.2 H .328(oticed the).15 F F1(--)2.828 E F0 .328(before the command name.)2.828 F .328 (This ends the list of pattern/\215ag pairs of)5.328 F F1(-x)2.828 E F0 5.328(.I)C 2.829(ti)-5.328 G 2.829(su)-2.829 G(sually)-2.829 E .119 (used just before the command name, b)72 213.6 R .118 (ut you can also use an e)-.2 F .118 (xtended completion as one part of a list of xored com-)-.15 F (pletions, in which case the)72 225.6 Q F1(--)2.5 E F0 (appears just before one of the)2.5 E F1(+)2.5 E F0(signs.)2.5 E (Note the dif)72 241.2 Q(ference between using e)-.25 E (xtended completion as part of a list of xored completions as in)-.15 E F2 5.4(%l)108 258.2 S(s)-5.4 E 5.4(foo bar)108 269.2 R 5.4(%c)108 280.2 S(ompctl -x 'r[-d,---]' -g '*.Z' -- + -g '^*.Z' compress)-5.4 E 5.4(%c) 108 291.2 S(ompress -d f)-5.4 E F4 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F2 5.4(%c)108 302.2 S(ompress -d foo _)-5.4 E F3(and specifying something before the)72 319.2 Q F2(-x)2.25 E F3(as in)2.25 E F2 5.4(%c)108 336.2 S (ompctl -g '^*.Z' -x 'r[-d,---]' -g '*.Z' -- compress)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 347.2 S(ompress -d f)-5.4 E F4 -.45(TA)C(B).45 E F2 5.4(%c)108 358.2 S (ompress -d f_)-5.4 E F3 .02(In the \214rst case, the alternati)72 375.2 R .291 -.135(ve g)-.225 H .021(lob pattern $).135 F F2(^*.Z)A F3 2.271 ($w)C .021(ill be used if the \214rst part does not generate an)-2.271 F 2.271(yp)-.135 G .021(ossible completions, while)-2.271 F (in the second case the alternati)72 386.2 Q .27 -.135(ve g)-.225 H (lob pattern will only be used if the).135 E F2(r[)2.25 E F3(...)A F2(]) A F3(pattern doesn')2.25 E 2.25(tm)-.162 G(atch.)-2.25 E/F5 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(Bindings)72 410.2 Q F0 1.339 (Each of the editor commands we ha)72 425.8 R 1.639 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.339(een w).15 F 1.339(as actually a function bound by def)-.1 F 1.339 (ault to a certain k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 6.339(.T)-.5 G 1.339(he real) -6.339 F(names of the commands are:)72 437.8 Q F2(expand-or-complete)108 454.8 Q F4 -.45(TA)16.2 G(B).45 E F2(push-line)108 465.8 Q F4(ESC-Q)64.8 E F2(run-help)108 476.8 Q F4(ESC-H)70.2 E F2(accept-and-hold)108 487.8 Q F4(ESC-A)32.4 E F2(quote-line)108 498.8 Q F4(ESC-')59.4 E F3 (These bindings are arbitrary; you could change them if you w)72 515.8 Q 2.25(ant. F)-.09 F(or e)-.135 E(xample, to bind)-.135 E F2(accept-line) 2.25 E F3(to)2.25 E F4(^Z)2.25 E F3(:)A F2 5.4(%b)108 532.8 S (indkey '^Z' accept-line)-5.4 E F3(Another idea w)72 549.8 Q (ould be to bind the delete k)-.09 E .27 -.135(ey t)-.09 H(o).135 E F2 (delete-char)2.25 E F3 2.25(;t)C(his might be con)-2.25 E -.135(ve)-.36 G(nient if you use).135 E F4(^H)2.25 E F3(for backspace.)2.25 E F2 5.4 (%b)108 566.8 S(indkey '^?' delete-char)-5.4 E F3(Or)72 583.8 Q 2.25(,y) -.36 G(ou could bind)-2.25 E F4(^X^H)2.25 E F3(to)2.25 E F2(run-help) 2.25 E F3(:)A F2 5.4(%b)108 600.8 S(indkey '^X^H' run-help)-5.4 E F3 (Other e)72 617.8 Q(xamples:)-.135 E F2 5.4(%b)108 634.8 S (indkey '^X^Z' universal-argument)-5.4 E 5.4(%b)108 645.8 S (indkey ' ' magic-space)-5.4 E 5.4(%b)108 656.8 S (indkey -s '^T' 'uptime)-5.4 E 5.4(>')108 667.8 S 5.4(%b)108 678.8 S (indkey '^Q' push-line-or-edit)-5.4 E(universal-argument)72 695.8 Q F3 .358(multiplies the ne)2.608 F .358(xt command by 4.)-.135 F(Thus)4.858 E F4(^X^Z^W)2.608 E F3 .358(might delete the last four w)2.608 F .358 (ords on the line.)-.09 F .359(If you)4.859 F(bind space to)72 706.8 Q F2(magic-space)2.25 E F3 2.25(,t)C(hen csh-style history e)-2.25 E (xpansion is done on the line whene)-.135 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 2.25(ry) .135 G(ou press the space bar)-2.25 E(.)-.495 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-28-)297.67 48 Q .486(Something that often happ\ ens is that I am typing a multiline command and disco)72 84 R -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.985(ra).15 G 2.985(ne)-2.985 G .485(rror in one of the pre) -2.985 F(vious)-.25 E 2.979(lines. In)72 96 R .479(this case,)2.979 F/F1 10/Courier@0 SF(push-line-or-edit)2.979 E F0 .479 (will put the entire multiline construct into the editor b)2.979 F(uf) -.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.48(.I)-.55 G 2.98(ft)-5.48 G .48(here is)-2.98 F (only a single line, it is equi)72 108 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 (push-line)2.5 E F0(.)A(The)72 123.6 Q F1(-s)3.27 E F0 .77(\215ag to) 3.27 F F1(bindkey)3.27 E F0 .77(speci\214es that you are binding the k) 3.27 F 1.069 -.15(ey t)-.1 H 3.269(oas).15 G .769(tring, not a command.) -3.269 F(Thus)5.769 E F1 .769(bindkey -s)3.269 F('^T' 'uptime\\n')72 135.6 Q F0(lets you VMS lo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rs get the load a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage whene).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ry).15 G(ou press)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(^T)2.5 E F0(.)A .005(If you ha)72 151.2 R .305 -.15(ve a N)-.2 H .005(eXT k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .005 (board, the one with the).15 F F1(|)2.505 E F0(and)2.505 E F1(\\)2.505 E F0 -.1(ke)2.505 G .005(ys v)-.05 F .005(ery incon)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .005(niently placed, the follo).15 F .005(wing bindings may)-.25 F (come in handy:)72 163.2 Q/F3 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%b)108 180.2 S (indkey -s '\\e/' '\\\\')-5.4 E 5.4(%b)108 191.2 S(indkey -s '\\e=' '|') -5.4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(No)72 208.2 Q 2.305(wy)-.225 G .055 (ou can type)-2.305 F/F5 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(AL)2.305 E -.666(T-)-.18 G (/).666 E F4 .055(to get a backslash, and)2.305 F F5(AL)2.305 E -.666 (T-)-.18 G(=).666 E F4 .055(to get a v)2.305 F .055(ertical bar)-.135 F 4.555(.T)-.495 G .055(his only w)-4.555 F .054(orks inside)-.09 F/F6 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.304 E F4 2.304(,o)C 2.304(fc)-2.304 G(ourse;) -2.304 E F3(bindkey)2.304 E F4(has)2.304 E(no ef)72 219.2 Q (fect on the k)-.225 E .27 -.135(ey m)-.09 H(appings inside).135 E F3 (talk)2.25 E F4(or)2.25 E F3(mail)2.25 E F4 2.25(,e)C(tc.)-2.25 E F0 .103(Some people lik)72 234.8 R 2.603(et)-.1 G 2.603(ob)-2.603 G(ind) -2.603 E F1(^S)2.603 E F0(and)2.603 E F1(^Q)2.603 E F0 .103 (to editor commands.)2.603 F .103(Just binding these has no ef)5.103 F .104(fect, as the terminal will catch)-.25 F .542 (them and use them for \215o)72 246.8 R 3.042(wc)-.25 G 3.042(ontrol. Y) -3.042 F .541(ou could unset them as stop and start characters, b)-1.1 F .541(ut most people lik)-.2 F 3.041(et)-.1 G 3.041(ou)-3.041 G(se)-3.041 E .053(these for e)72 258.8 R .054(xternal commands.)-.15 F .054 (The solution is to set the)5.054 F F2(NOFLO)2.554 E(WCONTR)-.5 E(OL)-.4 E F0 2.554(option. This)2.554 F .054(will allo)2.554 F 2.554(wy)-.25 G .054(ou to bind the)-2.554 F(start and stop characters to editor comman\ ds, while retaining their normal use for e)72 270.8 Q(xternal commands.) -.15 E/F7 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(Pa)72 294.8 S(rameter Substitution).1 E F0(In)72 310.4 Q F7(zsh)2.5 E F0 2.5(,p)C(arameters are set lik)-2.5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(his:)-2.5 E F3 5.4(%f)108 327.4 S(oo=bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 338.4 S(cho $foo)-5.4 E(bar)108 349.4 Q F4(Spaces before or after the)72 366.4 Q F3(=)2.25 E F4(are fro)2.25 E(wned upon:)-.225 E F3 5.4(%f)108 383.4 S(oo = bar)-5.4 E(zsh: command not found: foo)108 394.4 Q F4 (Also,)72 411.4 Q F3(set)2.25 E F4(doesn')2.25 E 2.25(tw)-.162 G (ork for setting parameters:)-2.34 E F3 5.4(%s)108 428.4 S(et foo=bar) -5.4 E 5.4(%s)108 439.4 S(et foo = bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 450.4 S (cho $foo)-5.4 E(%)108 472.4 Q F4 .125(Note that no error message w)72 489.4 R .125(as printed.)-.09 F .124 (This is because both of these commands were perfectly v)4.624 F .124 (alid; the)-.225 F F3(set)2.374 E F4 -.18(bu)2.374 G .124 (iltin assigns its).18 F(ar)72 500.4 Q(guments to the)-.162 E F5 (positional par)2.25 E(ameter)-.135 E(s)-.09 E F4($)2.25 E F3($1)A F4 (,)A F3($2)2.25 E F4 2.25(,e)C(tc.$.)-2.25 E F3 5.4(%s)108 517.4 S (et foo=bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 528.4 S(cho $1)-5.4 E(foo=bar)108 539.4 Q 5.4(%s)108 550.4 S(et foo = bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 561.4 S(cho $3 $2)-5.4 E(bar =)108 572.4 Q F4(If you')72 589.4 Q (re really intent on using the csh syntax, de\214ne a function lik)-.45 E 2.25(et)-.09 G(his:)-2.25 E F3 5.4(%s)108 606.4 S(et  {)-5.4 E 21.6(>e)108 617.4 S(val "$1$2$3")-21.6 E 5.4(>})108 628.4 S 5.4(%s)108 639.4 S(et foo = bar)-5.4 E 5.4(%s)108 650.4 S(et fuu=brrr)-5.4 E 5.4 (%e)108 661.4 S(cho $foo $fuu)-5.4 E(bar brrr)108 672.4 Q F4 .587 (But then, of course you can')72 689.4 R 2.838(tu)-.162 G .588 (se the form of)-2.838 F F3(set)2.838 E F4 .588(with options, lik)2.838 F(e)-.09 E F3 .588(set -F)2.838 F F4 .588($which turns of)2.838 F 2.838 <668c>-.225 G .588(lename generation$.)-2.838 F .588(Also, the)5.088 F F3(set)72 700.4 Q F4(command by itself w)2.25 E(on')-.09 E 2.25(tl)-.162 G(ist all the parameters lik)-2.25 E 2.25(ei)-.09 G 2.25(ts)-2.25 G 2.25 (hould. T)-2.25 F 2.25(og)-.72 G(et around that you need a)-2.25 E F3 (case)2.25 E F4(statement:)2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 29 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-29-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%s)108 83 S(et  {)-5.4 E 21.6(>c)108 94 S(ase $1 in)-21.6 E 21.6(>-)108 105 S (*|+*|''\) builtin set $* ;;)-21.6 E 21.6(>*)108 116 S 5.4(\)e)-21.6 G (val "$1$2$3" ;;)-5.4 E 21.6(>e)108 127 S(sac)-21.6 E 5.4(>})108 138 S /F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.135(Fo)72 155 S 2.25(rt).135 G (he most part, this should mak)-2.25 E 2.25(ec)-.09 G(sh users happ) -2.25 E -.585(y.)-.09 G F0(The follo)72 170.6 Q (wing sh-style operators are supported in)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF (zsh)2.5 E F0(:)A F1 5.4(%u)108 187.6 S(nset null)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 198.6 S(cho ${foo-xxx})-5.4 E(bar)108 209.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 220.6 S (cho ${null-xxx})-5.4 E(xxx)108 231.6 Q 5.4(%u)108 242.6 S(nset null) -5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 253.6 S(cho ${null=xxx})-5.4 E(xxx)108 264.6 Q 5.4(%e) 108 275.6 S(cho $null)-5.4 E(xxx)108 286.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 297.6 S (cho ${foo=xxx})-5.4 E(bar)108 308.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 319.6 S(cho $foo)-5.4 E(bar)108 330.6 Q 5.4(%u)108 341.6 S(nset null)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 352.6 S (cho ${null+set})-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 374.6 S(cho ${foo+set})-5.4 E(set)108 385.6 Q F2(Also, csh-style)72 402.6 Q F1(:)2.25 E F2 (modi\214ers may be appended to a parameter substitution.)2.25 E F1 5.4 (%e)108 419.6 S(cho $PWD)-5.4 E(/home/learning/pf/zsh/zsh2.00/src)108 430.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 441.6 S(cho $PWD:h)-5.4 E (/home/learning/pf/zsh/zsh2.00)108 452.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 463.6 S (cho $PWD:h:h)-5.4 E(/home/learning/pf/zsh)108 474.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 485.6 S(cho $PWD:t)-5.4 E(src)108 496.6 Q 5.4(%n)108 507.6 S(ame=foo.c)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 518.6 S(cho $name)-5.4 E(foo.c)108 529.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 540.6 S (cho $name:r)-5.4 E(foo)108 551.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 562.6 S(cho $name:e)-5.4 E(c)108 573.6 Q F2 .116(The equi)72 590.6 R -.225(va)-.225 G .116 (lent constructs in ksh $which are also supported in).225 F/F4 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.366 E F2 2.366($a)C .116 (re a bit more general and easier to remember)-2.366 F 4.615(.W)-.495 G .115(hen the shell)-4.615 F -.135(ex)72 601.6 S(pands).135 E F1(${foo#) 2.354 E/F5 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(pat)A F1(})A F2 2.354(,i)C 2.354(tc) -2.354 G .104(hecks to see if)-2.354 F F5(pat)2.354 E F2 .104 (matches a substring at the be)2.354 F .104(ginning of the v)-.135 F .104(alue of)-.225 F F1(foo)2.354 E F2 4.605(.I)C 2.355(fs)-4.605 G .105 (o, it remo)-2.355 F -.135(ve)-.135 G 2.355(st).135 G .105(hat por) -2.355 F(-)-.18 E .482(tion of)72 612.6 R F1(foo)2.732 E F2 2.732(,u)C .482(sing the shortest possible match.)-2.732 F -.36(Wi)4.982 G(th).36 E F1(${foo##)2.732 E F5(pat)A F1(})A F2 2.732(,t)C .482 (he longest possible match is remo)-2.732 F -.135(ve)-.135 G(d.).135 E F1(${foo%)4.981 E F5(pat)A F1(})A F2(and)2.731 E F1(${foo%%)72 623.6 Q F5(pat)A F1(})A F2(remo)2.25 E .27 -.135(ve t)-.135 H (he match from the end.).135 E(Here are the ksh equi)4.5 E -.225(va) -.225 G(lents of the).225 E F1(:)2.25 E F2(modi\214ers:)2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 30 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-30-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%e)108 83 S(cho ${PWD%/*})-5.4 E(/home/learning/pf/zsh/zsh2.00)108 94 Q 5.4(%e)108 105 S(cho ${PWD%/*/*})-5.4 E(/home/learning/pf/zsh)108 116 Q 5.4(%e)108 127 S(cho ${PWD##*/})-5.4 E(src)108 138 Q 5.4(%e)108 149 S (cho ${name%.*})-5.4 E(foo)108 160 Q 5.4(%e)108 171 S(cho ${name#*.}) -5.4 E(c)108 182 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)72 199 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(also has upper/lo)2.25 E(wercase modi\214ers:)-.225 E F1 5.4(%x)108 216 S(x=Test)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 227 S(cho $xx:u)-5.4 E(TEST)108 238 Q 5.4 (%e)108 249 S(cho $xx:l)-5.4 E(test)108 260 Q F3 (and a substitution modi\214er:)72 277 Q F1 5.4(%e)108 294 S (cho $name:s/foo/bar/)-5.4 E(bar.c)108 305 Q 5.4(%l)108 316 S(s)-5.4 E 16.2(foo.c foo.h foo.o foo.pro)108 327 R 5.4(%f)108 338 S (or i in foo.*; mv $i $i:s/foo/bar/)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 349 S(s)-5.4 E 16.2(bar.c bar.h bar.o bar.pro)108 360 R F3 1.059 (There is yet another syntax to modify substituted parameters.)72 377 R -.99(Yo)5.559 G 3.31(uc).99 G 1.06 (an add certain modi\214ers in parentheses after the opening)-3.31 F (brace lik)72 388 Q(e:)-.09 E F1(${$)108 405 Q/F4 9/Times-Italic@0 SF (modi\214er)A(s)-.09 E F1($)A F4(par)A(ameter)-.135 E F1(})A F3 -.135 (Fo)72 422 S 2.25(re).135 G(xample,)-2.385 E F1(o)2.25 E F3(sorts the w) 2.25 E(ords resulting from the e)-.09 E(xpansion:)-.135 E F1 5.4(%e)108 439 S(cho ${path})-5.4 E(/usr/bin /usr/bin/X11 /etc)108 450 Q 5.4(%e)108 461 S(cho ${$o$path})-5.4 E(/etc /usr/bin /usr/bin/X11)108 472 Q F3 .107(One possible source of confusion is the f)72 489 R .107 (act that in)-.09 F F2(zsh)2.357 E F3 2.356(,t)C .106 (he result of parameter substitution is)-2.356 F F4(not)2.356 E F3 .106 (split into w)2.356 F 2.356(ords. Thus,)-.09 F .106(this will)2.356 F (not w)72 500 Q(ork:)-.09 E F1 5.4(%s)108 517 S (rcs='glob.c exec.c init.c')-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 528 S 5.4(s$)-5.4 G(srcs) -5.4 E(glob.c exec.c init.c not found)108 539 Q F3 .059 (This is considered a feature, not a b)72 556 R 2.309(ug. If)-.18 F .059 (splitting were done by def)2.309 F .06 (ault, as it is in most other shells, functions lik)-.09 F 2.31(et)-.09 G .06(his w)-2.31 F .06(ould not)-.09 F -.09(wo)72 567 S(rk properly:) .09 E F1 5.4($l)108 584 S 5.4(l$)-5.4 G 5.4(${l)-5.4 G 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(F$)-5.4 G 5.4(*})-5.4 G 5.4($l)108 595 S 5.4(l')-5.4 G(fuu bar')-5.4 E(fuu not found)108 606 Q(bar not found)108 617 Q 5.4(%l)108 639 S 5.4 (l')-5.4 G(fuu bar')-5.4 E(fuu bar not found)108 650 Q F3 (Of course, a hackish w)72 667 Q(orkaround is a)-.09 E -.225(va)-.18 G (ilable in sh $and).225 E F2(zsh)2.25 E F3($:)A F1 5.4(%s)108 684 S (etopt shwordsplit)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 695 S 5.4(l$)-5.4 G 5.4(${l)-5.4 G 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(F")-5.4 G($@" })-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 706 S 5.4(l')-5.4 G(fuu bar')-5.4 E(fuu bar not found)108 717 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-31-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (If you lik)72 83 Q 2.25(et)-.09 G(he sh beha)-2.25 E(viour)-.18 E(,) -.36 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(zsh)2.25 E F1(can accomodate you:)2.25 E/F3 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%l)108 100 S 5.4(s$)-5.4 G({=srcs})-5.4 E 5.4 (exec.c glob.c init.c)108 111 R 5.4(%s)108 122 S(etopt shwordsplit)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 133 S 5.4(s$)-5.4 G(srcs)-5.4 E 5.4(exec.c glob.c init.c) 108 144 R F1(Another w)72 161 Q(ay to get the)-.09 E F3($srcs)2.25 E F1 (trick to w)2.25 E(ork is to use an array:)-.09 E F3 5.4(%u)108 178 S (nset srcs)-5.4 E 5.4(%s)108 189 S(rcs=$ glob.c exec.c init.c $)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 200 S 5.4(s$)-5.4 G(srcs)-5.4 E 5.4(exec.c glob.c init.c)108 211 R F1(or an alias:)72 228 Q F3 5.4(%a)108 245 S (lias -g SRCS='exec.c glob.c init.c')-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 256 S 5.4(sS)-5.4 G(RCS)-5.4 E 5.4(exec.c glob.c init.c)108 267 R F1 (Another option that modi\214es parameter e)72 284 Q(xpansion is)-.135 E /F4 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(RCEXP)2.25 E(ANDP)-.81 E(ARAM)-.81 E F1(:)A F3 5.4(%e)108 301 S(cho foo/$srcs)-5.4 E(foo/glob.c exec.c init.c)108 312 Q 5.4(%s)108 323 S(etopt rcexpandparam)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 334 S (cho foo/$srcs)-5.4 E(foo/glob.c foo/exec.c foo/init.c)108 345 Q 5.4(%e) 108 356 S(cho foo/${^srcs})-5.4 E(foo/glob.c foo/exec.c foo/init.c)108 367 Q 5.4(%e)108 378 S(cho foo/$^srcs)-5.4 E (foo/glob.c foo/exec.c foo/init.c)108 389 Q/F5 10/Times-Bold@0 SF (Shell P)72 419 Q(arameters)-.1 E F0(The shell has man)72 434.6 Q 2.5 (yp)-.15 G(rede\214ned parameters that may be accessed.)-2.5 E (Here are some e)5 E(xamples:)-.15 E F3 5.4(%s)108 451.6 S(leep 10 &) -5.4 E([1] 3820)108 462.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 473.6 S(cho $!)-5.4 E(3820)108 484.6 Q 5.4(%s)108 495.6 S(et a b c)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 506.6 S(cho $#) -5.4 E(3)108 517.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 528.6 S(cho $ARGC)-5.4 E(3)108 539.6 Q 5.4(%$e)108 550.6 S(xit 20 $ ; echo $?)-5.4 E(20)108 561.6 Q 5.4(%f) 108 572.6 S(alse; echo $status)-5.4 E(1)108 583.6 Q F1($)72 600.6 Q F3 ($?)A F1(and)2.25 E F3($status)2.25 E F1(are equi)2.25 E -.225(va)-.225 G(lent.$).225 E F3 5.4(%e)108 617.6 S(cho $HOST $HOSTTYPE)-5.4 E (dendrite sun4)108 628.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 639.6 S(cho $UID $GID)-5.4 E (701 60)108 650.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 661.6 S 5.4(d/)-5.4 G(tmp)-5.4 E 5.4(%c) 108 672.6 S 5.4(d/)-5.4 G(home)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 683.6 S (cho $PWD $OLDPWD)-5.4 E(/home /tmp)108 694.6 Q 5.4(%l)108 705.6 S 5.4 (s$)-5.4 G(OLDPWD/.getwd)-5.4 E(/tmp/.getwd)108 716.6 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-32-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF(~+)72 83 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(and)2.25 E F1(~-)2.25 E F2(are short for)2.25 E F1 ($PWD)2.25 E F2(and)2.25 E F1($OLDPWD)2.25 E F2 2.25(,r)C(especti)-2.25 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(ly).135 E(.)-.585 E F1 5.4(%l)108 100 S 5.4(s~)-5.4 G (-/.getwd)-5.4 E(/tmp/.getwd)108 111 Q 5.4(%l)108 122 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d~)-5.4 G(+/learning)-5.4 E(/home/learning)108 133 Q 5.4(%e)108 144 S(cho $RANDOM)-5.4 E(4880)108 155 Q 5.4(%e)108 166 S(cho $RANDOM)-5.4 E (11785)108 177 Q 5.4(%e)108 188 S(cho $RANDOM)-5.4 E(2062)108 199 Q 5.4 (%e)108 210 S(cho $TTY)-5.4 E(/dev/ttyp4)108 221 Q 5.4(%e)108 232 S (cho $VERSION)-5.4 E(zsh v2.00.03)108 243 Q 5.4(%e)108 254 S (cho $USERNAME)-5.4 E(pf)108 265 Q F0(The)72 286.6 Q/F3 10/Courier@0 SF (cdpath)2.62 E F0 -.25(va)2.62 G .12 (riable sets the search path for the).25 F F3(cd)2.62 E F0 2.62 (command. If)2.62 F .119(you do not specify)2.62 F F3(.)2.619 E F0(some) 2.619 E .119(where in the path, it is)-.25 F (assumed to be the \214rst component.)72 298.6 Q F1 5.4(%c)108 315.6 S (dpath=$ /usr ~ ~/zsh $)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 326.6 S 5.4(s/)-5.4 G(usr) -5.4 E 43.2(5bin dict lang net)108 337.6 R 43.2(sccs sys)54 F 21.6 (5include etc)108 348.6 R 32.4(lector nserve services)54 F(tmp)27 E 43.2 (5lib export)108 359.6 R 48.6(lib oed share)37.8 F(ucb)43.2 E 48.6 (adm games)108 370.6 R 37.8(local old)43.2 F 43.2(skel ucbinclude)54 F 48.6(bin geac)108 381.6 R 10.8(lost+found openwin)48.6 F 37.8 (spool ucblib)32.4 F 43.2(boot hosts)108 392.6 R 5.4(macsyma_417 pat) 43.2 F 48.6(src xpg2bin)54 F 43.2(demo include)108 403.6 R 48.6 (man princeton)32.4 F 37.8(stand xpg2include)21.6 F 43.2(diag kvm)108 414.6 R 43.2(mdec pub)54 F 43.2(swap xpg2lib)54 F 5.4(%c)108 425.6 S 5.4 (ds)-5.4 G(pool)-5.4 E(/usr/spool)108 436.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 447.6 S 5.4(db) -5.4 G(in)-5.4 E(/usr/bin)108 458.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 469.6 S 5.4(df)-5.4 G (unc)-5.4 E(~/func)108 480.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 491.6 S(d)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 502.6 S 5.4(dp)-5.4 G(ub)-5.4 E 5.4(%p)108 513.6 S(wd)-5.4 E (/u/pfalstad/pub)108 524.6 Q 5.4(%l)108 535.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d/) -5.4 G(usr/pub)-5.4 E(/usr/pub)108 546.6 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666 (PA)72 563.6 S(TH)-.189 E F2(and)2.38 E F4(path)2.38 E F2 .13 (both set the search path for commands.)2.38 F .13(These tw)4.63 F 2.38 (ov)-.09 G .13(ariables are equi)-2.605 F -.225(va)-.225 G .13(lent, e) .225 F .131(xcept that one is a string and one is)-.135 F(an array)72 574.6 Q 4.5(.I)-.585 G 2.25(ft)-4.5 G(he user modi\214es)-2.25 E F4 -.666(PA)2.25 G(TH)-.189 E F2 2.25(,t)C(he shell changes)-2.25 E F4 (path)2.25 E F2(as well, and vice v)2.25 E(ersa.)-.135 E F1 5.4(%P)108 591.6 S(ATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/tmp:.)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 602.6 S(cho $path) -5.4 E(/bin /usr/bin /tmp .)108 613.6 Q 5.4(%p)108 624.6 S (ath=$ /usr/bin . /usr/bin /usr/ucb $)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 635.6 S (cho $PATH)-5.4 E(/usr/bin:.:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb)108 646.6 Q F2 (The same is true of)72 663.6 Q F4(CDP)2.25 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F2(and)2.25 E F4(cdpath)2.25 E F2(:)A 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-33-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%e)108 83 S(cho $CDPATH)-5.4 E(/usr:/u/pfalstad:/u/pfalstad/zsh)108 94 Q 5.4(%C) 108 105 S(DPATH=/u/subbarao:/usr/src:/tmp)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 116 S (cho $cdpath)-5.4 E(/u/subbarao /usr/src /tmp)108 127 Q/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF (In general, prede\214ned parameters with names in all lo)72 144 Q (wercase are arrays; assignments to them tak)-.225 E 2.25(et)-.09 G (he form:)-2.25 E/F3 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)108 161 Q F1(=$)A F3 (elem)4.5 E F2(...)4.5 E F1($)4.5 E F2 .307 (Prede\214ned parameters with names in all uppercase are strings.)72 178 R .307(If there is both an array and a string v)4.807 F .306 (ersion of the same parame-)-.135 F(ter)72 189 Q 2.25(,t)-.36 G (he string v)-2.25 E(ersion is a colon-separated list, lik)-.135 E(e) -.09 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.25 G(TH)-.189 E F2 2.25(.Y)C (ou can use)-3.24 E F1 5.4(%t)108 206 S(ypeset -T FOO foo)-5.4 E F2 (to create more of these yourself.)72 223 Q F1 5.4(%f)108 240 S (oo=$ a b c $)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 251 S(cho $FOO)-5.4 E(a:b:c)108 262 Q /F5 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)72 283.6 Q F0 (is the name of the history \214le, where the history is sa)2.5 E -.15 (ve)-.2 G 2.5(dw).15 G(hen a shell e)-2.5 E(xits.)-.15 E F1 5.4(%z)108 300.6 S(sh)-5.4 E(phoenix% HISTFILE=/tmp/history)108 311.6 Q (phoenix% SAVEHIST=20)108 322.6 Q(phoenix% echo foo)108 333.6 Q(foo)108 344.6 Q(phoenix% date)108 355.6 Q(Fri May 24 05:39:35 EDT 1991)108 366.6 Q(phoenix% uptime)108 377.6 Q 5.4(5:39am up)118.8 388.6 R 5.4(4d)5.4 G (ays, 20:02,)-5.4 E(40 users,)10.8 E(load average: 2.30, 2.20, 2.00)10.8 E(phoenix% exit)108 399.6 Q 5.4(%c)108 410.6 S(at /tmp/history)-5.4 E (HISTFILE=/tmp/history)108 421.6 Q(SAVEHIST=20)108 432.6 Q(echo foo)108 443.6 Q(date)108 454.6 Q(uptime)108 465.6 Q(exit)108 476.6 Q 5.4(%H)108 487.6 S(ISTSIZE=3)-5.4 E 5.4(%h)108 498.6 S(istory)-5.4 E 5.4(28 rm) 124.2 509.6 R(/tmp/history)5.4 E 5.4(29 HISTSIZE=3)124.2 520.6 R 5.4 (30 history)124.2 531.6 R F2 .687(If you ha)72 548.6 R .957 -.135(ve s) -.18 H -1.935 -.225(ev e).135 H .687(ral instances of).225 F F4(zsh) 2.937 E F2 .687(running at the same time, lik)2.937 F 2.937(ew)-.09 G .687(hen using the X windo)-2.937 F 2.937(ws)-.225 G .688 (ystem, it might be preferable to)-2.937 F .095 (append the history of each shell to a \214le when a shell e)72 559.6 R .094(xits instead of o)-.135 F -.135(ve)-.135 G .094 (rwriting the old contents of the \214le.).135 F -.99(Yo)4.594 G 2.344 (uc).99 G .094(an get this be-)-2.344 F(ha)72 570.6 Q (viour by setting the)-.18 E F3(APPENDHIST)2.25 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.162 E F2(option.)2.25 E F0(In)72 586.2 Q F5(zsh)2.5 E F0 2.5(,i)C 2.5(fy)-2.5 G(ou say)-2.5 E F1 5.4(%>)108 603.2 S(file)-5.4 E F2(the command)72 620.2 Q F1(cat)2.25 E F2(is normally assumed:)2.25 E F1 5.4(%>)108 637.2 S(file)-5.4 E(foo!)108 648.2 Q(^D)108 659.2 Q 5.4(%c)108 670.2 S (at file)-5.4 E(foo!)108 681.2 Q F2(Thus, you can vie)72 698.2 Q 2.25 (wa\214)-.225 G(le simply by typing:)-2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-34-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%<)108 83 S(file)-5.4 E(foo!)108 94 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ho)72 111 Q(we)-.225 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 1.78 -.36(r, t).135 H 1.06 (his is not csh or sh compatible.).36 F 2.5 -.72(To c)5.56 H 1.06 (orrect this, change the v).72 F 1.06(alue of the parameter)-.225 F/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(NULLCMD)3.311 E F2 3.311(,w)C 1.061(hich is)-3.311 F F1 (cat)3.311 E F2(by)3.311 E(def)72 122 Q(ault.)-.09 E F1 5.4(%N)108 139 S (ULLCMD=:)-5.4 E 5.4(%>)108 150 S(file)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 161 S 5.4(s-) -5.4 G 5.4(lf)-5.4 G(ile)-5.4 E 5.4(-rw-r--r-- 1)108 172 R 37.8 (pfalstad 0)5.4 F(May 24 05:41 file)5.4 E F2(If)72 189 Q F1(NULLCMD)2.25 E F2(is unset, the shell reports an error if no command is speci\214ed \ $lik)2.25 E 2.25(ec)-.09 G(sh$.)-2.25 E F1 5.4(%u)108 206 S (nset NULLCMD)-5.4 E 5.4(%>)108 217 S(file)-5.4 E (zsh: redirection with no command)108 228 Q F2(Actually)72 245 Q(,)-.585 E F3(READNULLCMD)3.254 E F2 1.004(is used whene)3.254 F -.135(ve)-.225 G 3.254(ry).135 G 1.004(ou ha)-3.254 F 1.274 -.135(ve a n)-.18 H 1.004 (ull command reading input from a single \214le.).135 F 1.003 (Thus, you can set)5.503 F F3(READNULLCMD)72 256 Q F2(to)2.42 E F1(more) 2.42 E F2(or)2.42 E F1(less)2.42 E F2 .17(rather than)2.42 F F1(cat)2.42 E F2 4.67(.A)C .17(lso, if you set)-4.67 F F3(NULLCMD)2.42 E F2(to)2.42 E F1(:)2.42 E F2 .17(for sh compatibility)2.42 F 2.42(,y)-.585 G .171 (ou can still read)-2.42 F(\214les with)72 267 Q F1 5.4(<f)2.25 G(ile) -5.4 E F2(if you lea)2.25 E -.135(ve)-.18 G F3(READNULLCMD)2.385 E F2 (set to)2.25 E F1(more)2.25 E F2(.)A/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Pr)72 291 Q (ompting)-.18 E F0(The def)72 306.6 Q(ault prompt for)-.1 E F4(zsh)2.5 E F0(is:)2.5 E F1(phoenix% echo $PROMPT)108 323.6 Q(%m%#)108 334.6 Q F2 (The)72 351.6 Q F1(%m)2.303 E F2 .053 (stands for the short form of the current hostname, and the)2.303 F F1 (%#)2.303 E F2 .053(stands for a)2.303 F F1(%)2.303 E F2 .053(or a)2.303 F F1(#)2.303 E F2 2.303(,d)C .053(epending on whether the shell is run-) -2.303 F(ning as root or not.)72 362.6 Q F3(zsh)4.5 E F2(supports man) 2.25 E 2.25(yo)-.135 G(ther control sequences in the)-2.25 E F3(PR)2.25 E(OMPT)-.27 E F2 -.225(va)2.25 G(riable.).225 E F1 5.4(%P)108 379.6 S (ROMPT='%/> ')-5.4 E(/u/pfalstad/etc/TeX/zsh>)108 390.6 Q 5.4(%P)108 412.6 S(ROMPT='%~> ')-5.4 E(~/etc/TeX/zsh>)108 423.6 Q 5.4(%P)108 445.6 S(ROMPT='%h %~> ')-5.4 E 5.4(6~)108 456.6 S(/etc/TeX/zsh>)-5.4 E(%h)72 473.6 Q F2 2.25(represents the number of current history e)4.5 F -.135 (ve)-.225 G(nt.).135 E F1 5.4(%P)108 490.6 S(ROMPT='%h %~ %M> ')-5.4 E (10 ~/etc/TeX/zsh apple-gunkies.gnu.ai.mit.edu>)108 501.6 Q 5.4(%P)108 523.6 S(ROMPT='%h %~ %m> ')-5.4 E(11 ~/etc/TeX/zsh apple-gunkies>)108 534.6 Q 5.4(%P)108 556.6 S(ROMPT='%h %t> ')-5.4 E(12 6:11am>)108 567.6 Q 5.4(%P)108 589.6 S(ROMPT='%n %w tty%l>')-5.4 E(pfalstad Fri 24 ttyp0>) 108 600.6 Q F3(PR)72 617.6 Q(OMPT2)-.27 E F2 .599 (is used in multiline commands, lik)2.849 F 2.849(ef)-.09 G(or)-2.849 E 2.849(-loops. The)-.18 F F1(%_)2.849 E F2 .599(escape sequence w)2.849 F .599(as made especially for this prompt.)-.09 F .6(It is)5.1 F (replaced by the kind of command that is being entered.)72 628.6 Q F1 5.4(%P)108 645.6 S(ROMPT2='%_> ')-5.4 E 5.4(%f)108 656.6 S (or i in foo bar)-5.4 E(for>)108 667.6 Q 5.4(%e)108 689.6 S(cho 'hi)-5.4 E(quote>)108 700.6 Q F2(Also a)72 717.6 Q -.225(va)-.18 G(ilable is the) .225 E F3(RPR)2.25 E(OMPT)-.27 E F2(parameter)2.25 E 4.5(.I)-.495 G 2.25 (ft)-4.5 G(his is set, the shell puts a prompt on the)-2.25 E/F5 9 /Times-Italic@0 SF(right)2.25 E F2(side of the screen.)2.25 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-35-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%R)108 83 S(PROMPT='%t')-5.4 E 291.6(%6)108 94 S(:14am)-291.6 E 5.4(%R)108 116 S (PROMPT='%~')-5.4 E 253.8(%~)108 127 S(/etc/TeX/zsh)-253.8 E 5.4(%P)108 149 S(ROMPT='%l %T %m[%h] ' RPROMPT=' %~')-5.4 E(p0 6:15 phoenix[5])108 160 Q(~/etc/TeX/zsh)162 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (These special escape sequences can also be used with the)72 177 Q F1 (-P)2.25 E F2(option to)2.25 E F1(print)2.25 E F2(:)A F1 5.4(%p)108 194 S(rint -P %h tty%l)-5.4 E(15 ttyp1)108 205 Q F0(The)72 226.6 Q/F3 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(POSTEDIT)2.711 E F0 .211(parameter is printed whene) 2.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.711(rt).15 G .211(he editor e)-2.711 F 2.711 (xits. This)-.15 F .21(can be useful for termcap tricks.)2.711 F 1.81 -.8(To h)5.21 H(ighlight).8 E(the prompt and command line while lea)72 238.6 Q(ving command output unhighlighted, try this:)-.2 E F1 5.4(%P)108 255.6 S(OSTEDIT=`echotc se`)-5.4 E 5.4(%P)108 266.6 S(ROMPT='%S%% ')-5.4 E F2 (This trick is mostly superceded by the zle_highlight array parameter)72 283.6 Q(.)-.495 E F3(Login/logout watching)72 307.6 Q F0 -1.1(Yo)72 323.2 S 2.932(uc)1.1 G .432(an specify login or logout e)-2.932 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G .433(nts to monitor by setting the).15 F F3(watch)2.933 E F0 -.25(va)2.933 G 2.933(riable. Normally).25 F 2.933(,t)-.65 G .433 (his is done by specify-)-2.933 F(ing a list of usernames.)72 335.2 Q F1 5.4(%w)108 352.2 S(atch=$ pfalstad subbarao sukthnkr egsirer $)-5.4 E F2(The)72 369.2 Q F1(log)2.25 E F2 (command reports all people logged in that you are w)2.25 E(atching for) -.09 E(.)-.495 E F1 5.4(%l)108 386.2 S(og)-5.4 E (pfalstad has logged on p0 from mickey.)108 397.2 Q (pfalstad has logged on p5 from mickey.)108 408.2 Q(%)108 419.2 Q F2 (...)5.4 E F1(subbarao has logged on p8 from phoenix.)108 430.2 Q(%)108 441.2 Q F2(...)5.4 E F1(subbarao has logged off p8 from phoenix.)108 452.2 Q(%)108 463.2 Q F2(...)5.4 E F1 (sukthnkr has logged on p8 from dew.)108 474.2 Q(%)108 485.2 Q F2(...) 5.4 E F1(sukthnkr has logged off p8 from dew.)108 496.2 Q F2 (If you specify hostnames with an)72 513.2 Q F1(@)2.25 E F2 (prepended, the shell will w)2.25 E (atch for all users logging in from the speci\214ed host.)-.09 E F1 5.4 (%w)108 530.2 S(atch=$ @mickey @phoenix $)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 541.2 S (og)-5.4 E(djthongs has logged on q2 from phoenix.)108 552.2 Q (pfalstad has logged on p0 from mickey.)108 563.2 Q (pfalstad has logged on p5 from mickey.)108 574.2 Q F2(If you gi)72 591.2 Q .27 -.135(ve a t)-.225 H(ty name with a).135 E F1(%)2.25 E F2 (prepended, the shell will w)2.25 E (atch for all users logging in on that tty)-.09 E(.)-.585 E F1 5.4(%w) 108 608.2 S(atch=$ %ttyp0 %console $)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 619.2 S(og)-5.4 E(root has logged on console from .)108 630.2 Q (pfalstad has logged on p0 from mickey.)108 641.2 Q F2 (The format of the reports may also be changed.)72 658.2 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 36 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-36-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%w)108 83 S(atch=$ pfalstad gettes eps djthongs jcorr bdavis $)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 94 S(og)-5.4 E(jcorr has logged on tf from 128.112.176.3:0.)108 105 Q (jcorr has logged on r0 from 128.112.176.3:0.)108 116 Q (gettes has logged on p4 from yo:0.0.)108 127 Q (djthongs has logged on pe from grumpy:0.0.)108 138 Q (djthongs has logged on q2 from phoenix.)108 149 Q (bdavis has logged on qd from BRUNO.)108 160 Q (eps has logged on p3 from csx30:0.0.)108 171 Q (pfalstad has logged on p0 from mickey.)108 182 Q (pfalstad has logged on p5 from mickey.)108 193 Q 5.4(%W)108 204 S (ATCHFMT='%n on tty%l from %M')-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 215 S(og)-5.4 E (jcorr on ttytf from 128.112.176.3:0.)108 226 Q (jcorr on ttyr0 from 128.112.176.3:0.)108 237 Q (gettes on ttyp4 from yo:0.0)108 248 Q (djthongs on ttype from grumpy:0.0)108 259 Q (djthongs on ttyq2 from phoenix.Princeto)108 270 Q (bdavis on ttyqd from BRUNO.pppl.gov)108 281 Q (eps on ttyp3 from csx30:0.0)108 292 Q (pfalstad on ttyp0 from mickey.Princeton)108 303 Q (pfalstad on ttyp5 from mickey.Princeton)108 314 Q 5.4(%W)108 325 S (ATCHFMT='%n fm %m')-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 336 S(og)-5.4 E (jcorr fm 128.112.176.3:0)108 347 Q(jcorr fm 128.112.176.3:0)108 358 Q (gettes fm yo:0.0)108 369 Q(djthongs fm grumpy:0.0)108 380 Q (djthongs fm phoenix)108 391 Q(bdavis fm BRUNO)108 402 Q (eps fm csx30:0.0)108 413 Q(pfalstad fm mickey)108 424 Q (pfalstad fm mickey)108 435 Q 5.4(%W)108 446 S (ATCHFMT='%n %a at %t %w.')-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 457 S(og)-5.4 E (jcorr logged on at 3:15pm Mon 20.)108 468 Q (jcorr logged on at 3:16pm Wed 22.)108 479 Q (gettes logged on at 6:54pm Wed 22.)108 490 Q (djthongs logged on at 7:19am Thu 23.)108 501 Q (djthongs logged on at 7:20am Thu 23.)108 512 Q (bdavis logged on at 12:40pm Thu 23.)108 523 Q (eps logged on at 4:19pm Thu 23.)108 534 Q (pfalstad logged on at 3:39am Fri 24.)108 545 Q (pfalstad logged on at 3:42am Fri 24.)108 556 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF (If you ha)72 573 Q .27 -.135(ve a)-.18 H F1(.friends)2.385 E F2 (\214le in your home directory)2.25 E 2.25(,ac)-.585 G(on)-2.25 E -.135 (ve)-.36 G(nient w).135 E(ay to mak)-.09 E(e)-.09 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF (zsh)2.25 E F2 -.09(wa)2.25 G(tch for all your friends is to do this:) .09 E F1 5.4(%w)108 590 S(atch=$ $\(< ~/.friends$ \))-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 601 S(cho $watch)-5.4 E(subbarao maruchck root sukthnkr)108 612 Q F2 (...)5.4 E(If w)72 629 Q(atch is set to)-.09 E F1(all)2.25 E F2 2.25(,t) C(hen all users logging in or out will be reported.)-2.25 E/F4 10 /Times-Bold@0 SF(Options)72 653 Q F0(Some options ha)72 668.6 Q .3 -.15 (ve a)-.2 H(lready been mentioned; here are a fe).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G (ore:)-2.5 E(Using the)72 684.2 Q/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.5(AU)2.5 G -.18(TO).5 G(CD).18 E F0 (option, you can simply type the name of a directory)2.5 E 2.5(,a)-.65 G (nd it will become the current directory)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-37-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%c)108 83 S 5.4(d/)-5.4 G 5.4(%s)108 94 S(etopt autocd)-5.4 E 5.4(%b)108 105 S(in) -5.4 E 5.4(%p)108 116 S(wd)-5.4 E(/bin)108 127 Q 5.4(%.)108 138 S(./etc) -5.4 E 5.4(%p)108 149 S(wd)-5.4 E(/etc)108 160 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36(Wi)72 177 S(th).36 E/F3 9/Times-Italic@0 SF(CD)2.357 E(ABLEV)-.315 E(ARS)-.54 E F2 2.356(,i)C 2.356(ft)-2.356 G .106(he ar)-2.356 F .106 (gument to)-.162 F F1(cd)2.356 E F2 .106 (is the name of a parameter whose v)2.356 F .106(alue is a v)-.225 F .106(alid directory)-.225 F 2.356(,i)-.585 G 2.356(tw)-2.356 G .106 (ill become the current)-2.356 F(directory)72 188 Q(.)-.585 E F1 5.4(%s) 108 205 S(etopt cdablevars)-5.4 E 5.4(%f)108 216 S(oo=/tmp)-5.4 E 5.4 (%c)108 227 S 5.4(df)-5.4 G(oo)-5.4 E(/tmp)108 238 Q F3(CORRECT)72 255 Q F2 .802(turns on spelling correction for commands, and the)3.052 F F3 (CORRECT)3.053 E(ALL)-.45 E F2 .803 (option turns on spelling correction for all ar)3.053 F(gu-)-.162 E (ments.)72 266 Q F1 5.4(%s)108 283 S(etopt correct)-5.4 E 5.4(%s)108 294 S(l)-5.4 E(zsh: correct `sl' to `ls' [nyae]? y)108 305 Q 5.4(%s)108 316 S(etopt correctall)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 327 S 5.4(sx)-5.4 G(.v11r4)-5.4 E (zsh: correct `x.v11r4' to `X.V11R4' [nyae]? n)108 338 Q (/usr/princton/src/x.v11r4 not found)108 349 Q 5.4(%l)108 360 S 5.4(s/) -5.4 G(etc/paswd)-5.4 E (zsh: correct to `/etc/paswd' to `/etc/passwd' [nyae]? y)108 371 Q (/etc/passwd)108 382 Q F2 .704(If you press)72 399 R F1(y)2.954 E F2 .704(when the shell asks you if you w)2.954 F .704(ant to correct a w) -.09 F .704(ord, it will be corrected.)-.09 F .704(If you press)5.204 F F1(n)2.954 E F2 2.954(,i)C 2.954(tw)-2.954 G .703(ill be left alone.) -2.954 F(Pressing)72 410 Q F1(a)2.626 E F2 .376 (aborts the command, and pressing)2.626 F F1(e)2.626 E F2 .376 (brings the line up for editing ag)2.626 F .376 (ain, in case you agree the w)-.045 F .376(ord is spelled wrong)-.09 F -.18(bu)72 421 S 2.25(ty).18 G(ou don')-2.25 E 2.25(tl)-.162 G(ik)-2.25 E 2.25(et)-.09 G(he correction.)-2.25 E F0(Normally)72 436.6 Q 2.5(,aq) -.65 G(uoted e)-2.5 E(xpression may contain a ne)-.15 E(wline:)-.25 E F1 5.4(%e)108 453.6 S(cho ')-5.4 E 5.4(>f)108 464.6 S(oo)-5.4 E 5.4(>')108 475.6 S(foo)108 497.6 Q(%)108 519.6 Q F2 -.36(Wi)72 536.6 S(th).36 E F3 (CSHJUNKIEQ)2.25 E(UO)-.09 E(TES)-.36 E F2(set, this is ille)2.25 E -.045(ga)-.135 G(l, as it is in csh.).045 E F1 5.4(%s)108 553.6 S (etopt cshjunkiequotes)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 564.6 S 5.4(s')-5.4 G(foo)-5.4 E(zsh: unmatched ')108 575.6 Q F3(GLOBDO)72 592.6 Q(TS)-.36 E F2 .109 (lets \214les be)2.359 F .109(ginning with a)-.135 F F1(.)2.359 E F2 .109(be matched without e)2.359 F .108(xplicitly specifying the dot. Th\ is can also be speci\214ed for a partic-)-.135 F (ular pattern by appending $D$ to it.)72 603.6 Q F1 5.4(%l)108 620.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d*)-5.4 G(x*)-5.4 E(Mailboxes)108 631.6 Q 5.4(%l)108 642.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d*)-5.4 G(x*$D$)-5.4 E 43.2 (.exrc .pnewsexpert)108 653.6 R(.xserverrc)10.8 E 10.8 (.mushexpert .xinitrc)108 664.6 R(Mailboxes)32.4 E 5.4(%s)108 675.6 S (etopt globdots)-5.4 E 5.4(%l)108 686.6 S 5.4(s-)-5.4 G 5.4(d*)-5.4 G (x*)-5.4 E 43.2(.exrc .pnewsexpert)108 697.6 R(.xserverrc)10.8 E 10.8 (.mushexpert .xinitrc)108 708.6 R(Mailboxes)32.4 E F3(HISTIGNOREDUPS)72 725.6 Q F2(pre)5.339 E -.135(ve)-.225 G 3.09 (nts the current line from being sa).135 F -.135(ve)-.18 G 5.34(di).135 G 5.34(nt)-5.34 G 3.09(he history if it is the same as the pre)-5.34 F 3.09(vious one;)-.225 F 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-38-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Times-Italic@0 SF (HISTIGNORESP)72 83 Q -.27(AC)-.81 G(E).27 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(pre) 2.25 E -.135(ve)-.225 G(nts the current line from being sa).135 E -.135 (ve)-.18 G 2.25(di).135 G 2.25(fi)-2.25 G 2.25(tb)-2.25 G -.135(eg)-2.25 G(ins with a space.).135 E/F3 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%P)108 100 S (ROMPT='%h> ')-5.4 E(39> setopt histignoredups)108 111 Q(40> echo foo) 108 122 Q(foo)108 133 Q(41> echo foo)108 144 Q(foo)108 155 Q (41> echo foo)108 166 Q(foo)108 177 Q(41> echo bar)108 188 Q(bar)108 199 Q(42> setopt histignorespace)108 210 Q 5.4(43> echo)108 221 R(foo)5.4 E (foo)108 232 Q 5.4(43> echo)108 243 R(fubar)5.4 E(fubar)108 254 Q 5.4 (43> echo)108 265 R(fubar)5.4 E(fubar)108 276 Q F1(IGNOREBRA)72 293 Q (CES)-.27 E F2(turns of)2.25 E 2.25(fc)-.225 G(sh-style brace e)-2.25 E (xpansion.)-.135 E F3 5.4(%e)108 310 S(cho x{y{z,a},{b,c}d}e)-5.4 E (xyze xyae xbde xcde)108 321 Q 5.4(%s)108 332 S(etopt ignorebraces)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 343 S(cho x{y{z,a},{b,c}d}e)-5.4 E(x{y{z,a},{b,c}d}e)108 354 Q F1(IGNOREEOF)72 371 Q F2(forces the user to type)2.25 E F3(exit) 2.25 E F2(or)2.25 E F3(logout)2.25 E F2 2.25(,i)C (nstead of just pressing)-2.25 E F1(^D)2.25 E F2(.)A F3 5.4(%s)108 388 S (etopt ignoreeof)-5.4 E 5.4(%^)108 399 S(D)-5.4 E (zsh: use 'exit' to exit.)108 410 Q F1(INTERA)72 427 Q(CTIVECOMMENTS) -.27 E F2(turns on interacti)2.25 E .27 -.135(ve c)-.225 H (omments; comments be).135 E(gin with a)-.135 E F3(#)2.25 E F2(.)A F3 5.4(%s)108 444 S(etopt interactivecomments)-5.4 E 5.4(%d)108 455 S (ate # this is a comment)-5.4 E(Fri May 24 06:54:14 EDT 1991)108 466 Q F1(NOBEEP)72 483 Q F2(mak)2.25 E(es sure the shell ne)-.09 E -.135(ve) -.225 G 2.25(rb).135 G(eeps.)-2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NOCLOBBER) 72 498.6 Q F0(pre)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts you from accidentally o).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting an e).15 E(xisting \214le.)-.15 E F3 5.4(%s)108 515.6 S(etopt noclobber)-5.4 E 5.4(%c)108 526.6 S (at /dev/null >~/.zshrc)-5.4 E(zsh: file exists: /u/pfalstad/.zshrc)108 537.6 Q F2 .278(If you really do w)72 554.6 R .278 (ant to clobber a \214le, you can use the)-.09 F F3(>!)2.527 E F2 (operator)2.527 E 4.777(.T)-.495 G 2.527(om)-5.497 G(ak)-2.527 E 2.527 (et)-.09 G .277(hings easier in this case, the)-2.527 F F3(>)2.527 E F2 .277(is stored in the his-)2.527 F(tory list as a)72 565.6 Q F3(>!)2.25 E F2(:)A F3 5.4(%c)108 582.6 S(at /dev/null >! ~/.zshrc)-5.4 E 5.4(%c) 108 593.6 S(at /etc/motd > ~/.zshrc)-5.4 E (zsh: file exists: /u/pfalstad/.zshrc)108 604.6 Q 5.4(%!)108 615.6 S(!) -5.4 E(cat /etc/motd >! ~/.zshrc)108 626.6 Q(%)108 637.6 Q F2(...)5.4 E F1(RCQ)72 654.6 Q(UO)-.09 E(TES)-.36 E F2(lets you use a more ele)2.25 E -.045(ga)-.135 G (nt method for including single quotes in a singly quoted string:).045 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-39-)297.67 48 Q/F1 9/Courier@0 SF 5.4(%e)108 83 S(cho '"don'\\''t do that."')-5.4 E("don't do that.")108 94 Q 5.4(%e)108 105 S(cho '"don''t do that."')-5.4 E("dont do that.")108 116 Q 5.4(%s) 108 127 S(etopt rcquotes)-5.4 E 5.4(%e)108 138 S (cho '"don''t do that."')-5.4 E("don't do that.")108 149 Q/F2 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(Finally)72 166 Q(,)-.585 E/F3 9/Times-Italic@0 SF (SUNKEYBO)2.916 E(ARDHA)-.495 E(CK)-.27 E F2 .666(wins the a)2.916 F -.09(wa)-.135 G .666(rd for the strangest option.).09 F .666 (If a line ends with)5.166 F F1(`)2.916 E F2 2.916(,a)C .666 (nd there are an odd number of)-2.916 F .607 (them on the line, the shell will ignore the trailing)72 177 R F1(`) 2.857 E F2 5.107(.T)C .607(his is pro)-5.107 F .607(vided for k)-.135 F -.135(ey)-.09 G .607(boards whose RETURN k).135 F .877 -.135(ey i)-.09 H 2.857(st).135 G .606(oo small, and too)-2.857 F(close to the)72 188 Q F1 (`)2.25 E F2 -.09(ke)2.25 G -.585(y.)-.045 G F1 5.4(%s)108 205 S (etopt sunkeyboardhack)-5.4 E 5.4(%d)108 216 S(ate`)-5.4 E (Fri May 24 06:55:38 EDT 1991)108 227 Q/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF (Closing Comments)72 257 Q F0 3.377(I$)72 272.6 S .877(Bas de Bakk) -3.377 F .877(er$ w)-.1 F .878(ould be happ)-.1 F 3.378(yt)-.1 G 3.378 (or)-3.378 G(ecei)-3.378 E 1.178 -.15(ve m)-.25 H .878(ail if an).15 F .878(yone has an)-.15 F 3.378(yt)-.15 G .878 (ricks or ideas to add to this document, or if)-3.378 F .321 (there are some points that could be made clearer or co)72 284.6 R -.15 (ve)-.15 G .321(red more thoroughly).15 F 5.321(.P)-.65 G .321 (lease notify me of an)-5.321 F 2.821(ye)-.15 G .321(rrors in this) -2.821 F(document.)72 296.6 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(-40-)297.67 48 Q 0 Cg EP %%Page: 1 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.104(Ta)260.886 96 S(ble of Contents)1.104 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.06(Introduction .)72 132 R -2.5 10 (............................... 1)10 H(Filename Generation)72 144 Q -2.5 10(............................. 1)6.35 H(Startup Files)72 156 Q -2.5 10(............................... 5)14.66 H(Shell Functions)72 168 Q -2.5 10(............................... 5)2.99 H 6.07(Directories .)72 180 R -2.5 10(............................... 8)10 H(Directory Stacks)72 192 Q -7.5 10(.............................. 1)11.07 H(0)-10 E (Command/Process Substitution)72 204 Q -7.5 10 (......................... 1)14.65 H(2)-10 E 3.84(Redirection .)72 216 R -7.5 10(............................... 1)10 H(4)-10 E 4.11(Aliasing .) 72 228 R -7.5 10(................................ 1)10 H(5)-10 E 8 (History .)72 240 R -7.5 10(................................ 1)10 H(7) -10 E(Command Line Editing)72 252 Q -7.5 10 (............................ 1)8.55 H(9)-10 E 3.27(Completion .)72 264 R -7.5 10(............................... 2)10 H(2)-10 E (Extended completion)72 276 Q -7.5 10(............................. 2) 5.23 H(6)-10 E 1.88(Bindings .)72 288 R -7.5 10 (................................ 2)10 H(7)-10 E -.15(Pa)72 300 S (rameter Substitution).15 E -7.5 10(............................ 2)11.76 H(8)-10 E(Shell P)72 312 Q 8.16(arameters .)-.15 F -7.5 10 (............................. 3)10 H(1)-10 E 8.27(Prompting .)72 324 R -7.5 10(............................... 3)10 H(4)-10 E(Login/logout w)72 336 Q 9.21(atching .)-.1 F -7.5 10(........................... 3)10 H(5) -10 E 6.33(Options .)72 348 R -7.5 10 (................................ 3)10 H(6)-10 E(Closing Comments)72 360 Q -7.5 10(............................. 3)13.54 H(9)-10 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF

Filemanager

Name	Type	Size	Permission
BUGS	File	1.94 KB	0644
CONTRIBUTORS	File	13.28 KB	0644
ChangeLog	File	59.41 KB	0644
ChangeLog-3.0	File	157.08 KB	0644
ChangeLog-3.1	File	519.47 KB	0644
ChangeLog-4.1	File	177.42 KB	0644
ChangeLog-4.3	File	528.81 KB	0644
FAQ	File	101.36 KB	0644
FEATURES	File	5.2 KB	0644
FTP-README	File	1.58 KB	0644
LICENCE	File	1.92 KB	0644
MACHINES	File	7.44 KB	0644
META-FAQ	File	3.94 KB	0644
NEWS	File	43.13 KB	0644
NEWS-4.3	File	16.02 KB	0644
README	File	18.3 KB	0644
STD-TODO	File	3.21 KB	0644
TODO	File	148 B	0644
changelog2html.pl	File	1.31 KB	0644
compctl-examples	File	28.94 KB	0644
completion-style-guide	File	21.18 KB	0644
intro.ps	File	152.67 KB	0644
pubring.pgp	File	8.91 KB	0644
relnote_4.3.10.txt	File	121 B	0644
relnote_4.3.12.txt	File	120 B	0644
relnote_4.3.5.txt	File	2.66 KB	0644
relnote_4.3.6.txt	File	990 B	0644
relnote_4.3.7.txt	File	88 B	0644
relnote_4.3.8.txt	File	88 B	0644
relnote_4.3.9.txt	File	693 B	0644
relnote_5.0.0.txt	File	429 B	0644
zsh-development-guide	File	38.21 KB	0644

Name

Type

Size

Permission

Actions

BUGS

File

1.94 KB

0644

CONTRIBUTORS

File

13.28 KB

0644

ChangeLog

File

59.41 KB

0644

ChangeLog-3.0

File

157.08 KB

0644

ChangeLog-3.1

File

519.47 KB

0644

ChangeLog-4.1

File

177.42 KB

0644

ChangeLog-4.3

File

528.81 KB

0644

FAQ

File

101.36 KB

0644

FEATURES

File

5.2 KB

0644

FTP-README

File

1.58 KB

0644

LICENCE

File

1.92 KB

0644

MACHINES

File

7.44 KB

0644

META-FAQ

File

3.94 KB

0644

NEWS

File

43.13 KB

0644

NEWS-4.3

File

16.02 KB

0644

README

File

18.3 KB

0644

STD-TODO

File

3.21 KB

0644

TODO

File

148 B

0644

changelog2html.pl

File

1.31 KB

0644

compctl-examples

File

28.94 KB

0644

completion-style-guide

File

21.18 KB

0644

intro.ps

File

152.67 KB

0644

pubring.pgp

File

8.91 KB

0644

relnote_4.3.10.txt

File

121 B

0644

relnote_4.3.12.txt

File

120 B

0644

relnote_4.3.5.txt

File

2.66 KB

0644

relnote_4.3.6.txt

File

990 B

0644

relnote_4.3.7.txt

File

88 B

0644

relnote_4.3.8.txt

File

88 B

0644

relnote_4.3.9.txt

File

693 B

0644

relnote_5.0.0.txt

File

429 B

0644

zsh-development-guide

File

38.21 KB

0644

Server Info

Hostname: sles125-zend-seiko

IP Address: 123.30.208.48

PHP Version: 7.4.19

Server Software: nginx/1.18.0

HDD Total Space: 38.02 GB

HDD Free Space: 4.51 GB

Total Domains in Server: 1

System: Linux sles125-zend-seiko 4.12.14-122.83-default #1 SMP Tue Aug 3 08:37:22 UTC 2021 (c86c48c) x86_64

System Info

Select Feature:

xNightR00T File Manager

Upload:

Command:

Filemanager

Server Info

System Info

User Info

xNightR00T File Manager

Edit File:

Create Folder

Create File

Change Permission

Rename

Confirm Delete

Upload:

Command:

Filemanager

Server Info

System Info

User Info